56 J. J. STEVENSON — LOWER CARBONIFEROUS, APPALACHIAN BASIN 



to the northern border of the basin, and that it had been broken up and 

 removed b}^ the agencies which transported the materials of the con- 

 glomerate.* Mr Read, in his report upon Holmes county, says that the 

 conglomerate contains ''large quantities of broken angular fragments of 

 white and yellow chert, with a profusion of fossils identified by Mr ^leek 

 as belonging to the Carboniferous formation. "f The writer has been 

 unable to find any published statement by Mr Meek in reference to this 

 matter, and the remarks in the reports give no information respecting 

 the horizon to which the fossils belong. In any event, the Maxville 

 limestone in Ohio, as described by Andrews, is not chert3% and no trace 

 of it appears north from Muskingum county, so that it can hardly be 

 the source of the fragments; but the Lower Carboniferous limestone of 

 Michigan, as described by A. Winchell, is cherty, as is also much of the 

 same limestone in Kentucky, so that the presence of these chert frag- 

 ments points either to Michigan or to Kentucky as the source from 

 which they came. It suggests also an elevation of the land prior to the 

 deposit of the Pottsville, whereby the Lower Carboniferous was exposed 

 to subaerial erosion. 



Eastern outcrop in Virginia and West Virginia. — Returning now to the 

 easterly outcrops, we may follow the Mauch Chunk southward to the 

 New river by the aid of the folios published by the United States Geo- 

 logical Survey. 



In Pendleton county of West Virginia, at say 30 miles south-south- 

 west from Westernport, Maryland, and at about the same distance south- 

 east from the locality of Doctor White's section, on the Baltimore and 

 Ohio railroad, Mr Darton finds 



Feet 



Shales (Canaan) 1,250 



Limestone (Greenbrier) 325 to 400 



The Canaan (equivalent to Mauch Chunk of Maryland) shales contain 

 gray and brown sandstones as well as red shale; the limestone is double, 

 the upper division containing much calcareous shale, while the lower 

 division is mostly massive with numerous silicious beds. J: The deposit 

 retains its characteristics. Messrs Taft and Brooks found on Rich moun- 

 tain, in Randolph county, of the same state, at say 18 miles west from 

 the last 



Feet 



Canaan shales 600 to 700 



Greenbrier limestone 350 



* J. S. Newberry : Ohio reports, vol. ii, 1874, p. 104. 



fM. C. Read: Ohio reports, vol. iii, 1878, p. 545. 



JN. H. Darton : U. S. Geol. Survey, Franklin folio, 189G. 



