152 N. H. WIXCHELL WAS MAN IX AMERICA IX GLACIAL PERIOD 



that it is supposed to be the Kansan drift which exists on the upland on 

 the west side of the Missouri river in this part of Kansas, and that if 

 that be true the loess which might have been formed of this type in the 

 Kansan epoch would (by analog}^ with the To wan loess) lie much far- 

 ther south and could not exist as loess in this part of the Missouri valley. 

 It is, at the same time, true that the Kansan drift sheet, with its much 

 rotted materials, derived in part from the original geest, contributed very 

 certainly a large quantum to the lowan drift-sheet, and especialh^ to 

 the lowan loess, for, according to Calvin, the Kansan drift is altered 

 profoundly in southwestern Iowa to the depth of 40 or 50 feet. 



CONCL USION 



There seems to be, therefore, but one conclusion that can be arrived 

 at, namel}^ that man existed in North America at the time of the lowan 

 epoch of the ice-sheet ; that the bones of the skeleton were buried by 

 the volume of mud and muddy water with which the Missouri valley 

 was filled to overflowing; that the sediments from the muddy mass 

 were augmented by the materials of the Kansan drift, which was spread 

 much earlier over that part of the United States; that they were some- 

 times not wholly assorted, and that during this flood stage various in- 

 crements to the mobile mass may have been made from the adjoining 

 cliffs and from the Kansan drift of the immediate vicinit3\ 



COLLATERAL REFLECTIONS 



Various collateral circumstances and evidences of the validity of this 

 result might be mentioned, but I will call your attention to but three : 



1. First of all should be recorded the fact that for many years in- 

 stances of the finding of the relics of man in the drift deposits of North 

 America, reported by geologists and non-geologists, accord with this 

 conclusion. 



2. The pebbly clays which were deposited in the basins of the Great 

 lakes in subaqueous conditions are apparently the unrotted Wisconsin 

 analogues of the pebbly lowan loess, and perhaps the gumbo of northern 

 Missouri is the Kansan analogue of an earlier date. 



3. The Equus beds which have been reported by Cope and by Willis- 

 ton to contain human remains associated with certain extinct animals 

 have not only a stratigraphic position, but a geographic distribution— 

 that is, they are not known within the area of the Wisconsin glacial 

 moraine. They cannot be distinguished from the loess in which most 

 of the same fopsils have been found. 



