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  PREFACE 
  

  

  Terminology. 
  — 
  A 
  large 
  number 
  of 
  words 
  appear 
  in 
  this 
  volume 
  

   which 
  will 
  not 
  be 
  found 
  in 
  an 
  English 
  dictionary, 
  many 
  of 
  them 
  arche- 
  

   ological 
  terms 
  referring 
  to 
  periods, 
  ceramic 
  styles, 
  and 
  the 
  like, 
  and 
  

   others 
  cultural, 
  taken 
  from 
  Spanish 
  or 
  Quechua. 
  A 
  list 
  of 
  the 
  more 
  

   important 
  archeological 
  terms 
  will 
  be 
  found 
  on 
  page 
  74. 
  The 
  other 
  

   terms 
  are 
  given 
  in 
  the 
  Glossary, 
  page 
  975. 
  

  

  Bibliography 
  and 
  citations.— 
  Keferences 
  to 
  the 
  literature 
  cited 
  in 
  

   the 
  text 
  are 
  given 
  by 
  the 
  name 
  of 
  the 
  author, 
  the 
  date 
  of 
  his 
  publi- 
  

   cation, 
  and, 
  in 
  some 
  cases, 
  the 
  page 
  numbers. 
  The 
  full 
  reference 
  will 
  

   be 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  general 
  bibliography, 
  where 
  the 
  authors 
  are 
  listed 
  

   alphabetically 
  and 
  their 
  works 
  listed 
  according 
  to 
  the 
  year 
  of 
  publi- 
  

   cation. 
  If 
  reference 
  is 
  made 
  to 
  a 
  volume 
  in 
  the 
  text, 
  it 
  is 
  followed 
  by 
  

   a 
  colon 
  in 
  place 
  of 
  "p." 
  or 
  "pp." 
  to 
  set 
  it 
  off 
  from 
  the 
  page 
  numbers. 
  

   Thus, 
  3: 
  49-65 
  means 
  volume 
  3, 
  pp. 
  49-65. 
  Certain 
  old 
  chroniclers 
  

   whose 
  writings 
  have 
  been 
  published 
  in 
  several 
  editions 
  are 
  cited 
  by 
  

   part 
  (pt.), 
  book 
  (bk.), 
  and 
  chapter 
  (ch.), 
  so 
  that 
  the 
  material 
  to 
  which 
  

   reference 
  is 
  made 
  may 
  be 
  found 
  in 
  any 
  edition. 
  

  

  ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 
  

  

  The 
  editor 
  acknowledges 
  with 
  deep 
  gratitude 
  the 
  splendid 
  cooper- 
  

   ation 
  of 
  the 
  many 
  contributors 
  whose 
  names 
  are 
  listed 
  subsequently. 
  

   Their 
  willingness 
  to 
  complete 
  their 
  tasks 
  in 
  the 
  face 
  of 
  the 
  many 
  diffi- 
  

   culties 
  caused 
  by 
  the 
  present 
  world 
  situation 
  is 
  evidence 
  of 
  their 
  devo- 
  

   tion 
  both 
  to 
  inter-American 
  cooperation 
  and 
  to 
  the 
  advancement 
  of 
  

   scientific 
  cultural 
  studies. 
  

  

  Particular 
  gratitude 
  must 
  be 
  expressed 
  to 
  Dr. 
  Wendell 
  C. 
  Bennett, 
  

   of 
  Yale 
  University, 
  and 
  to 
  Dr. 
  Gordon 
  E. 
  Willey, 
  Assistant 
  Editor 
  

   of 
  the 
  Handbook. 
  Dr. 
  Bennett 
  has 
  not 
  only 
  written 
  the 
  general 
  

   introduction 
  and 
  several 
  of 
  the 
  basic 
  articles 
  on 
  archeology, 
  but 
  he 
  

   advised 
  with 
  the 
  editor 
  throughout 
  the 
  preparation 
  of 
  the 
  volume, 
  

   making 
  many 
  suggestions 
  that 
  contributed 
  to 
  the 
  completeness, 
  bal- 
  

   ance, 
  and 
  integration 
  of 
  the 
  contents. 
  As 
  Assistant 
  Editor, 
  Dr. 
  

   Willey 
  has 
  devoted 
  full 
  time 
  to 
  preparing 
  this 
  volume 
  for 
  the 
  printer. 
  

   His 
  comprehensive 
  knowledge 
  of 
  Andean 
  cultures, 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  his 
  will- 
  

   ingness 
  to 
  assume 
  many 
  of 
  the 
  less 
  glamorous 
  tasks 
  of 
  an 
  editorial 
  

   nature, 
  especially 
  the 
  preparation 
  of 
  the 
  illustrations, 
  has 
  been 
  a 
  

   major 
  factor 
  in 
  completing 
  the 
  manuscript 
  early 
  in 
  1944. 
  

  

  As 
  the 
  manuscripts 
  submitted 
  by 
  the 
  South 
  American 
  anthropolo- 
  

   gists 
  were 
  written 
  in 
  Spanish, 
  a 
  considerable 
  amount 
  of 
  translation 
  

   has 
  been 
  done. 
  The 
  editors 
  did 
  some 
  of 
  this. 
  For 
  translating 
  the 
  

   remainder, 
  we 
  are 
  indebted 
  to 
  the 
  Central 
  Translating 
  Division 
  of 
  the 
  

   Department 
  of 
  State 
  and 
  to 
  the 
  Strategic 
  Index 
  of 
  the 
  Americas, 
  

   Yale 
  University. 
  The 
  editors, 
  however, 
  assumed 
  the 
  responsibility 
  

   of 
  putting 
  the 
  English 
  versions 
  of 
  these 
  articles 
  into 
  anthropological 
  

   terminology 
  consistent 
  with 
  that 
  used 
  throughout 
  the 
  volume. 
  

  

  