﻿88 
  SOUTH 
  AMERICAN 
  INDIANS 
  [B. 
  A. 
  E. 
  Bull. 
  143 
  

  

  COAST 
  CHAVfN 
  

  

  Chavin 
  materials 
  and 
  influence 
  are 
  found 
  in 
  many 
  sites 
  from 
  the 
  

   South 
  Coast 
  to 
  the 
  North 
  Coast 
  of 
  Peru. 
  On 
  the 
  North 
  Coast, 
  Chavin 
  

   is 
  frequently 
  called 
  Cupisnique. 
  It 
  is 
  not 
  certain 
  that 
  all 
  the 
  Coast 
  

   and 
  Highland 
  Chavin 
  sites 
  belong 
  to 
  a 
  single 
  period. 
  However, 
  until 
  

   a 
  sound 
  basis 
  for 
  subdivisions 
  is 
  established, 
  the 
  materials 
  from 
  the 
  

   Coast 
  can 
  be 
  treated 
  as 
  a 
  unit. 
  In 
  the 
  following 
  list 
  the 
  principal 
  

   valleys 
  and 
  sites 
  where 
  Chavin 
  type 
  material 
  has 
  been 
  discovered 
  

   are 
  briefly 
  annotated. 
  

  

  (1) 
  Pisco 
  Peninsula. 
  The 
  Cavernas 
  style 
  at 
  Paracas 
  shows 
  traces 
  of 
  Chavin 
  

   influence 
  in 
  the 
  ceramic 
  design. 
  

  

  (#) 
  Rimac 
  Valley. 
  Fragments 
  of 
  Chavfn 
  style 
  pottery 
  have 
  been 
  found. 
  

  

  (8) 
  Ancdn. 
  Near 
  the 
  famous 
  ancient 
  cemetery 
  of 
  Anc6n, 
  a 
  refuse 
  site 
  was 
  dis- 
  

   covered 
  which 
  contained 
  pottery 
  fragments 
  amazingly 
  similar 
  to 
  those 
  found 
  at 
  

   the 
  Chavin 
  site 
  itself. 
  Recent 
  excavations 
  have 
  shown 
  that 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  frag- 
  

   ments 
  contain 
  the 
  type 
  of 
  design 
  generally 
  found 
  on 
  Chavin 
  stone 
  carving. 
  Asso- 
  

   ciated 
  with 
  the 
  ceramics 
  were 
  stone 
  mortars, 
  pieces 
  of 
  deer 
  antler, 
  bone 
  awls 
  and 
  

   netlike 
  baskets. 
  This 
  material 
  is 
  generally 
  called 
  Early 
  Anc6n. 
  

  

  (4) 
  Puerto 
  de 
  Supe. 
  At 
  the 
  port 
  of 
  Supe 
  Valley 
  several 
  sites 
  have 
  been 
  found 
  

   which 
  contain 
  ceramics 
  similar 
  to 
  those 
  of 
  Highland 
  Chavin. 
  Burials 
  and 
  simple 
  

   construction 
  work 
  are 
  associated 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  baskets, 
  nets, 
  textiles, 
  and 
  other 
  

   miscellaneous 
  objects. 
  

  

  (5) 
  Casma 
  Valley. 
  A 
  number 
  of 
  sites 
  have 
  been 
  discovered 
  here 
  which 
  may 
  

   ultimately 
  be 
  related 
  to 
  the 
  Chavin 
  Period. 
  The 
  one 
  most 
  clearly 
  related 
  at 
  the 
  

   moment 
  is 
  the 
  site 
  of 
  Pallca, 
  which 
  consists 
  of 
  rough 
  stone 
  courts, 
  pyramids, 
  

   and 
  platforms 
  with 
  long 
  stairways 
  up 
  from 
  the 
  river. 
  Coast 
  Chavin 
  pottery 
  

   fragments 
  are 
  scattered 
  about 
  the 
  ruins 
  in 
  great 
  abundance. 
  The 
  site 
  of 
  

   Moxeque 
  has 
  conical 
  adobe 
  and 
  rough 
  stone 
  walls 
  covered 
  with 
  a 
  clay 
  plaster 
  

   with 
  carved 
  relief 
  design. 
  Some 
  of 
  the 
  design 
  resembles 
  the 
  Chavin 
  stone-carving 
  

   style, 
  but 
  other 
  designs 
  are 
  quite 
  distinct. 
  The 
  site 
  of 
  Cerro 
  Sechin 
  may 
  ulti- 
  

   mately 
  be 
  associated 
  with 
  Chavin 
  although 
  this 
  is 
  still 
  uncertain. 
  The 
  site 
  is 
  im- 
  

   portant 
  because 
  stone 
  carving 
  is 
  associated 
  with 
  its 
  construction 
  — 
  an 
  unusual 
  

   feature 
  at 
  a 
  Coast 
  ruin. 
  The 
  lower 
  terrace 
  of 
  Cerro 
  Sechin 
  is 
  faced 
  with 
  a 
  series 
  of 
  

   upright 
  slabs 
  in 
  between 
  which 
  are 
  smaller 
  blocks. 
  The 
  blocks 
  are 
  carved 
  with 
  

   low-relief 
  heads, 
  and 
  the 
  uprights 
  have 
  figures 
  cut 
  on 
  them. 
  The 
  style 
  of 
  this 
  stone 
  

   carving 
  is 
  essentially 
  distinct 
  from 
  that 
  at 
  Chavin 
  de 
  Huantar. 
  The 
  second 
  ter- 
  

   race 
  of 
  this 
  ruin 
  has 
  a 
  wall 
  made 
  of 
  conical 
  adobes 
  and 
  decorated 
  with 
  a 
  jaguar 
  fig- 
  

   ure 
  painted 
  in 
  black, 
  red, 
  and 
  white 
  on 
  a 
  rose 
  base. 
  

  

  (tf) 
  Nepena 
  Valley. 
  Two 
  sites 
  here 
  show 
  definite 
  Coast 
  Chavin 
  affiliation. 
  

   Cerro 
  Blanco 
  is 
  a 
  low 
  building 
  containing 
  a 
  clay 
  platform 
  in 
  which 
  is 
  carved 
  a 
  

   Chavin-style 
  feline 
  head. 
  Room 
  walls 
  in 
  the 
  same 
  building 
  are 
  made 
  of 
  split 
  

   stone 
  and 
  conical 
  adobe. 
  The 
  walls 
  are 
  covered 
  with 
  a 
  clay 
  plaster 
  which 
  is 
  

   carved 
  and 
  painted 
  with 
  typical 
  Chavin 
  designs. 
  Punguri 
  is 
  a 
  site 
  composed 
  

   largely 
  of 
  conical 
  adobes. 
  It 
  has 
  clay-plastered 
  walls 
  with 
  carved 
  Chavin 
  designs. 
  

   Rounded 
  clay 
  columns 
  are 
  a 
  unique 
  feature. 
  On 
  the 
  central 
  stairway 
  sits 
  a 
  mod- 
  

   eled 
  and 
  painted 
  clay 
  feline 
  with 
  crossed 
  fangs. 
  Underneath 
  the 
  stairway 
  was 
  a 
  

   grave 
  which 
  contained 
  a 
  stone 
  bowl 
  incised 
  with 
  Chavin 
  design. 
  Black 
  ware 
  

   ceramics 
  with 
  curvilinear 
  incised 
  designs 
  have 
  been 
  reported 
  from 
  this 
  site. 
  There 
  

   were 
  certain 
  indications 
  that 
  a 
  Mochica 
  style 
  overlay 
  the 
  Chavin-decorated 
  build- 
  

   ing. 
  It 
  is 
  possible 
  that 
  the 
  valleys 
  of 
  Casma 
  and 
  Nepena 
  were 
  a 
  center 
  of 
  Coast 
  

   Chavin 
  style. 
  

  

  