﻿Vol.2] 
  ARCHEOLOGY 
  OF 
  CENTRAL 
  ANDES 
  — 
  BENNETT 
  91 
  

  

  At 
  Puerto 
  de 
  Supe 
  burials 
  were 
  rolled 
  up 
  in 
  mats 
  and 
  interred 
  in 
  the 
  

   sand. 
  In 
  Chicama 
  Valley, 
  graves 
  are 
  usually 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  rough 
  talus 
  

   slope 
  and 
  consist 
  of 
  circular, 
  rough 
  stone-lined 
  tombs. 
  Shaft-type 
  

   graves, 
  from 
  about 
  30 
  to 
  80 
  inches 
  (80 
  cm. 
  to 
  2 
  m.) 
  in 
  depth, 
  have 
  also 
  

   been 
  found. 
  The 
  skeletons 
  are 
  both 
  extended 
  and 
  flexed 
  and 
  are 
  fre- 
  

   quently 
  covered 
  with 
  red 
  paint. 
  All 
  are 
  primary 
  burials 
  and 
  the 
  red 
  

   paint 
  covers 
  the 
  total 
  area 
  rather 
  than 
  only 
  the 
  bones. 
  One 
  or 
  two 
  

   vases 
  and 
  occasionally 
  other 
  artifacts 
  are 
  found 
  with 
  each 
  burial. 
  

  

  Direct 
  evidence 
  of 
  weaving 
  is 
  found 
  at 
  Puerto 
  de 
  Supe 
  in 
  the 
  form 
  

   of 
  spindle 
  whorls, 
  cotton, 
  some 
  plain 
  and 
  some 
  decorated 
  cloth, 
  a 
  

   feather 
  headdress, 
  and 
  bundles 
  of 
  hemp. 
  Plain 
  twine 
  and 
  netlike 
  

   baskets 
  are 
  found 
  at 
  Puerto 
  de 
  Supe 
  and 
  Anc<5n; 
  fish 
  nets 
  were 
  found 
  

   in 
  some 
  sites. 
  Miscellaneous 
  artifacts 
  include 
  awls; 
  beads; 
  spatulas, 
  

   incised 
  with 
  Chavin 
  designs 
  (fig. 
  5); 
  decorated 
  and 
  plain 
  shells; 
  plain 
  

   and 
  carved 
  stone 
  bowls; 
  plain 
  mortars; 
  and 
  a 
  four-nobbed, 
  ring 
  

   club 
  head. 
  

  

  Figure 
  5. 
  — 
  Bone 
  spatula, 
  Chavfn 
  style. 
  From 
  the 
  Chicama 
  Valley. 
  (Redrawn 
  

   from 
  Tello, 
  1943, 
  pi. 
  24, 
  c.) 
  

  

  No 
  metals 
  have 
  been 
  found 
  at 
  the 
  Highland 
  Chavin 
  site, 
  and 
  only 
  

   gold 
  is 
  found 
  at 
  the 
  Coast 
  sites. 
  The 
  gold 
  is 
  sometimes 
  decorated 
  

   in 
  relief 
  with 
  designs 
  of 
  the 
  Chavin 
  stone-carving 
  style 
  (pi. 
  19, 
  bot- 
  

   tom). 
  In 
  many 
  cases, 
  the 
  relief 
  is 
  achieved 
  by 
  pressure 
  with 
  a 
  bone 
  

   implement 
  rather 
  than 
  by 
  hammering. 
  Welding 
  and 
  soldering 
  were 
  

   also 
  known. 
  

  

  The 
  original 
  reports 
  on 
  the 
  sites 
  at 
  Anc6n 
  and 
  Puerto 
  de 
  Supe 
  

   described 
  them 
  as 
  shell 
  heaps. 
  However, 
  finds 
  of 
  maize, 
  yuca, 
  beans, 
  

   and 
  various 
  seeds 
  show 
  a 
  knowledge 
  of 
  agriculture 
  and 
  change 
  the 
  

   original 
  impression 
  that 
  these 
  were 
  essentially 
  a 
  fishing 
  people. 
  

  

  The 
  unity 
  of 
  Chavin 
  is 
  the 
  dominant 
  stone-carving 
  design 
  style. 
  

   In 
  the 
  Highlands 
  it 
  is 
  more 
  limited 
  to 
  stone 
  carving, 
  but 
  on 
  the 
  

   Coast 
  it 
  is 
  found 
  on 
  ceramics, 
  goldwork, 
  stone 
  bowls, 
  bone 
  imple- 
  

   ments, 
  and 
  shell 
  artifacts. 
  The 
  chronological 
  position 
  of 
  the 
  Chavin 
  

   Period 
  as 
  the 
  earliest 
  yet 
  discovered 
  in 
  Perti 
  does 
  little 
  to 
  solve 
  the 
  

   problem 
  of 
  the 
  ultimate 
  origin 
  of 
  the 
  higher 
  civilization 
  in 
  this 
  area. 
  

   Chavin 
  is 
  a 
  sophisticated 
  and 
  complete 
  culture 
  with 
  a 
  good 
  knowledge 
  

   of 
  stone 
  masonry, 
  architecture, 
  goldwork, 
  weaving, 
  stone 
  carving, 
  

   ceramics, 
  and 
  agriculture. 
  There 
  is 
  some 
  evidence 
  of 
  a 
  reasonably 
  

   well 
  organized 
  political 
  organization, 
  at 
  least 
  to 
  the 
  extent 
  of 
  being 
  

  

  