﻿100 
  SOUTH 
  AMERICAN 
  INDIANS 
  [B. 
  A. 
  E. 
  Bull. 
  143 
  

  

  For 
  example, 
  in 
  such 
  Central 
  valleys 
  as 
  Virii 
  and 
  Moche, 
  both 
  the 
  

   Gallinazo 
  and 
  the 
  Coast 
  Tiahuanaco 
  cultures 
  replace 
  Mochica 
  with 
  

   but 
  few 
  indications 
  of 
  mixture 
  or 
  influence 
  from 
  the 
  early 
  style. 
  

  

  The 
  Mochica 
  Period 
  is 
  best 
  represented 
  in 
  the 
  North 
  Coast 
  valleys 
  

   of 
  Chicama, 
  Moche, 
  and 
  Viru. 
  To 
  the 
  south, 
  the 
  valleys 
  of 
  Santa, 
  

   Chimbote, 
  Nepefia, 
  and 
  Casma 
  were 
  occupied, 
  but 
  the 
  excavated 
  

   materials 
  are 
  usually 
  of 
  a 
  poorer 
  quality. 
  In 
  the 
  north, 
  only 
  the 
  

   Pacasmayo 
  Valley 
  shows 
  evidence 
  of 
  Mochica 
  occupation, 
  while 
  such 
  

   important 
  valleys 
  as 
  Lambayeque 
  and 
  Piura 
  have 
  yet 
  to 
  furnish 
  

   evidence 
  of 
  the 
  period. 
  

  

  There 
  is 
  no 
  recognized 
  type 
  site 
  for 
  the 
  Mochica 
  Period, 
  but 
  the 
  

   ruins 
  of 
  Moche, 
  not 
  far 
  from 
  the 
  town 
  of 
  Trujillo, 
  serve 
  as 
  an 
  ex- 
  

   cellent 
  example 
  of 
  the 
  architecture 
  of 
  the 
  period. 
  Between 
  the 
  peak 
  

   called 
  Cerro 
  Blanco 
  and 
  the 
  flood 
  plain 
  of 
  the 
  Moche 
  Eiver, 
  two 
  

   principal 
  adobe 
  structures 
  are 
  located. 
  The 
  first, 
  named 
  the 
  Huaca 
  de 
  

   la 
  Luna, 
  is 
  at 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  Cerro 
  Blanco, 
  and 
  the 
  second, 
  the 
  Huaca 
  del 
  

   Sol 
  (pi. 
  32), 
  is 
  some 
  546 
  yards 
  (500 
  m.) 
  to 
  the 
  west, 
  at 
  the 
  very 
  edge 
  of 
  

   the 
  Moche 
  flood 
  plain. 
  There 
  is 
  some 
  evidence 
  of 
  a 
  village 
  site 
  on 
  the 
  

   flats 
  between 
  these 
  two 
  structures. 
  

  

  The 
  Huaca 
  de 
  la 
  Luna 
  consists 
  of 
  a 
  large 
  terraced 
  platform 
  260 
  by 
  

   195 
  feet 
  (80 
  by 
  60 
  m.) 
  and 
  about 
  70 
  feet 
  (21 
  m.) 
  high. 
  Along 
  the 
  

   front 
  and 
  south 
  sides 
  are 
  6 
  step 
  terraces 
  between 
  10 
  and 
  12 
  feet 
  (3 
  and 
  

   4 
  m.) 
  high 
  and 
  7 
  feet 
  (2 
  m.) 
  wide. 
  

  

  The 
  Huaca 
  del 
  Sol 
  is 
  probably 
  the 
  largest 
  single 
  structure 
  on 
  the 
  

   Coast 
  of 
  Peru. 
  It 
  consists 
  of 
  a 
  base 
  platform 
  750 
  by 
  450 
  feet 
  (228 
  by 
  

   136 
  m.) 
  and 
  60 
  feet 
  (18 
  m.) 
  high. 
  The 
  sides 
  are 
  built 
  up 
  in 
  5 
  stepped 
  

   terraces, 
  and 
  a 
  causeway 
  about 
  20 
  feet 
  (6 
  m.) 
  wide 
  and 
  290 
  feet 
  (90 
  

   m.) 
  long 
  leads 
  to 
  the 
  open 
  north 
  end. 
  On 
  the 
  south 
  section 
  of 
  the 
  

   platform 
  is 
  a 
  pyramid, 
  340 
  feet 
  (103 
  m.) 
  square 
  and 
  75 
  feet 
  (23 
  m.) 
  

   high, 
  with 
  7 
  step 
  terraces 
  on 
  its 
  side. 
  The 
  whole 
  structure 
  is 
  com- 
  

   posed 
  of 
  one 
  solid 
  mass 
  of 
  rectangular 
  adobes, 
  built 
  up 
  in 
  a 
  series 
  of 
  

   high 
  and 
  thick 
  juxtaposed 
  walls 
  and 
  columns. 
  The 
  masonry 
  is 
  good 
  

   but 
  it 
  is 
  not 
  complex. 
  The 
  technique 
  of 
  retaining 
  wall 
  and 
  fill 
  is 
  not 
  

   used, 
  and 
  the 
  adobe 
  bricks 
  are 
  not 
  coursed 
  although 
  some 
  of 
  them 
  are 
  

   laid 
  crosswise 
  and 
  others 
  lengthwise. 
  It 
  has 
  been 
  suggested 
  that 
  these 
  

   big 
  piles 
  were 
  built 
  by 
  population 
  masses 
  working 
  communally 
  rather 
  

   than 
  by 
  professional 
  architects. 
  

  

  The 
  identification 
  of 
  the 
  Huaca 
  de 
  la 
  Luna 
  with 
  the 
  Early 
  Period 
  is 
  

   based 
  on 
  the 
  discovery 
  of 
  graves 
  under 
  some 
  of 
  its 
  terraces, 
  and 
  also 
  on 
  

   its 
  frescos, 
  which 
  have 
  designs 
  of 
  typical 
  Mochica 
  style. 
  The 
  painting 
  

   is 
  done 
  in 
  black, 
  white, 
  red, 
  yellow, 
  light 
  blue, 
  pink, 
  and 
  brown. 
  

   There 
  are 
  traces 
  of 
  fresco 
  painting 
  at 
  other 
  sites 
  too, 
  and 
  also 
  walls 
  

   decorated 
  with 
  relief 
  clay 
  arabesques. 
  

  

  Isolated 
  pyramids 
  are 
  the 
  characteristic 
  construction 
  of 
  the 
  Mochica 
  

   Period. 
  Many 
  have 
  narrow 
  terraces 
  along 
  the 
  sides; 
  some 
  are 
  ap- 
  

  

  