﻿120 
  SOUTH 
  AMERICAN 
  INDIANS 
  [B. 
  A. 
  E. 
  Bull. 
  143 
  

  

  Ceramics 
  (fig. 
  11) 
  are 
  represented 
  by 
  fragments, 
  although 
  a 
  few- 
  

   vessels 
  can 
  be 
  partially 
  restored. 
  Similar 
  fragments 
  are 
  found 
  along 
  

   the 
  house 
  floors 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  strata 
  underneath 
  the 
  houses, 
  which 
  sug- 
  

   gests 
  that 
  the 
  site 
  was 
  occupied 
  for 
  a 
  relatively 
  long 
  time 
  period. 
  

   Many 
  of 
  the 
  fragments 
  are 
  from 
  plain 
  brown 
  ware 
  cooking 
  vessels. 
  

   Most 
  of 
  the 
  painted 
  pieces 
  are 
  from 
  a 
  flat-bottom 
  open 
  bowl 
  with 
  

   perpendicular 
  sides 
  and 
  a 
  slightly 
  out-flaring 
  thick 
  rim. 
  One 
  restored 
  

   vessel 
  of 
  this 
  type 
  has 
  a 
  diameter 
  of 
  12 
  inches 
  (30 
  cm.) 
  and 
  a 
  height 
  

   of 
  5 
  inches 
  (14 
  cm.). 
  Other 
  vessel 
  shapes 
  are 
  rare. 
  The 
  character- 
  

   istic 
  painting 
  is 
  with 
  a 
  thick 
  yellow 
  pigment 
  on 
  a 
  red-base 
  slip. 
  

   Black 
  or 
  brown 
  are 
  infrequent 
  additions, 
  and 
  on 
  some 
  pieces 
  the 
  color 
  

   areas 
  are 
  separated 
  by 
  incised 
  lines. 
  The 
  painted 
  designs 
  are 
  mostly 
  

   variations 
  on 
  a 
  simple 
  step 
  pattern 
  and 
  triangles. 
  Many 
  fragments 
  

   have 
  relief 
  decoration 
  in 
  the 
  form 
  of 
  human 
  faces 
  or 
  of 
  pumas 
  with 
  

   the 
  body 
  in 
  profile 
  and 
  the 
  head 
  in 
  front 
  view. 
  Included 
  with 
  the 
  

   ceramics 
  are 
  long 
  tubes, 
  burnt 
  black 
  on 
  the 
  inside 
  and 
  decorated 
  on 
  

   the 
  outside 
  with 
  incised 
  and 
  relief 
  design. 
  These 
  tubes 
  may 
  have 
  

   been 
  used 
  as 
  fire 
  blowers. 
  Finally, 
  painted 
  clay 
  bricks 
  are 
  found 
  

   near 
  the 
  houses, 
  with 
  their 
  sides 
  colored 
  green, 
  white, 
  and 
  red. 
  

  

  Bone 
  artifacts 
  are 
  numerous, 
  and 
  consist 
  of 
  polished 
  points, 
  needles, 
  

   buttons, 
  beads, 
  scrapers, 
  chisels, 
  knives, 
  and 
  the 
  like. 
  Some 
  of 
  the 
  

   scrapers 
  and 
  knives 
  have 
  serrated 
  edges. 
  Stone 
  artifacts 
  include 
  

   hand 
  grindstones 
  and 
  metates; 
  chipped 
  hoes 
  or 
  scrapers; 
  bolas; 
  and 
  

   one 
  T-shaped, 
  polished 
  ax. 
  Both 
  shell 
  and 
  stone 
  beads 
  are 
  common. 
  

   Although 
  metal 
  artifacts 
  are 
  rare, 
  both 
  copper 
  beads 
  and 
  gold 
  strips 
  

   are 
  associated. 
  

  

  At 
  the 
  type 
  site, 
  the 
  houses 
  had 
  burnt 
  down 
  and 
  the 
  debris 
  of 
  the 
  

   circular 
  village 
  formed 
  a 
  mound 
  with 
  a 
  slight 
  depression 
  in 
  the 
  center. 
  

   This 
  mound 
  was 
  selected 
  in 
  the 
  Decadent 
  Tiahuanaco 
  Period 
  for 
  the 
  

   building 
  of 
  a 
  semisubterranean, 
  stone-faced 
  temple. 
  Likewise, 
  Deca- 
  

   dent 
  Tiahuanaco 
  intrusive 
  graves 
  cut 
  into 
  the 
  old 
  Chiripa 
  house 
  

   foundations. 
  Thus, 
  the 
  Chiripa 
  Period 
  is 
  clearly 
  established 
  as 
  

   earlier. 
  The 
  Chiripa 
  refuse 
  layer 
  on 
  the 
  Island 
  of 
  Pariti 
  seemed 
  to 
  

   cover 
  a 
  grave 
  of 
  the 
  Classic 
  Tiahuanaco 
  Period. 
  Unfortunately, 
  

   this 
  stratigraphy 
  is 
  not 
  clearly 
  established. 
  The 
  Chiripa 
  style 
  is 
  still 
  

   limited 
  to 
  these 
  two 
  sites, 
  and 
  consequently 
  its 
  position 
  in 
  the 
  total 
  

   Peruvian 
  framework 
  remains 
  obscure. 
  At 
  present, 
  the 
  only 
  suggested 
  

   relationship 
  is 
  with 
  the 
  Pucara 
  style 
  in 
  the 
  South 
  Highlands 
  of 
  Peru. 
  

  

  PUCARA 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  Department 
  of 
  Puno 
  in 
  the 
  South 
  Highlands 
  of 
  Perti, 
  north 
  

   of 
  Lake 
  Titicaca, 
  is 
  an 
  important 
  site 
  known 
  as 
  Pucara 
  (pi. 
  38). 
  

   Pucara 
  is 
  represented 
  by 
  a 
  characteristic 
  type 
  of 
  stone 
  building, 
  a 
  

   type 
  of 
  statuary, 
  and 
  a 
  distinctive 
  ceramic 
  style. 
  Although 
  it 
  has 
  as 
  

  

  