﻿156 
  SOUTH 
  AMERICAN 
  INDIANS 
  [B. 
  A. 
  E. 
  Bull. 
  143 
  

  

  CULTURAL 
  AND 
  CHRONOLOGICAL 
  POSITION 
  

  

  The 
  Salinar 
  culture 
  of 
  the 
  North 
  Coast 
  of 
  Peru 
  constitutes 
  an 
  im- 
  

   portant 
  chronological 
  and 
  evolutionary 
  step 
  between 
  the 
  Cupis- 
  

   nique 
  and 
  Mochica 
  cultures. 
  In 
  it 
  we 
  can 
  observe 
  the 
  course 
  of 
  de- 
  

   velopment 
  of 
  the 
  ceramic 
  and 
  pictorial 
  arts 
  from 
  one 
  stage 
  to 
  the 
  

   other. 
  Except 
  for 
  the 
  carved 
  bone 
  spatulas, 
  which 
  were 
  done 
  in 
  a 
  

   manner 
  reminiscent 
  of 
  Cupisnique, 
  only 
  two 
  feline 
  representations 
  

   were 
  found 
  among 
  all 
  the 
  Salinar 
  artifacts. 
  These 
  were 
  pottery 
  

   vessels. 
  For 
  some 
  reason, 
  as 
  is 
  the 
  case 
  with 
  the 
  Cupisnique 
  culture 
  

   site 
  of 
  Santa 
  Ana, 
  the 
  Salinar 
  peoples 
  did 
  not 
  incorporate 
  the 
  feline 
  

   motif 
  into 
  their 
  decorative 
  art. 
  Its 
  absence 
  makes 
  it 
  likely 
  that 
  the 
  

   feline 
  symbolism 
  was 
  not 
  a 
  part 
  of 
  their 
  religious 
  beliefs. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  evolution 
  of 
  social 
  aggregations 
  of 
  the 
  North 
  Coast 
  of 
  Peru, 
  

   Salinar 
  takes 
  its 
  place 
  among 
  the 
  cultures 
  of 
  limited 
  geographical 
  

   spread 
  and 
  political 
  dominance 
  which 
  existed 
  before 
  the 
  formation 
  

   of 
  the 
  great 
  organized 
  regimes. 
  But 
  the 
  people 
  of 
  Salinar 
  contributed 
  

   many 
  valuable 
  cultural 
  elements 
  to 
  the 
  formation 
  of 
  the 
  first 
  great 
  

   civilization 
  of 
  the 
  north, 
  the 
  Mochica. 
  

  

  CULTURE 
  

   SUBSISTENCE 
  ACTIVITIES 
  

  

  Maize, 
  which 
  was 
  not 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  Cupisnique 
  culture, 
  has 
  been 
  

   recovered 
  from 
  Salinar 
  graves. 
  Squash 
  and 
  gourds 
  are 
  also 
  recorded 
  

   for 
  Salinar. 
  Pottery 
  representations 
  of 
  the 
  lucuma 
  and 
  the 
  pepino 
  

   indicate 
  their 
  former 
  use 
  as 
  foods. 
  

  

  There 
  are, 
  however, 
  no 
  life 
  representations 
  or 
  any 
  other 
  evidences 
  

   that 
  give 
  a 
  clue 
  to 
  types 
  of 
  agricultural 
  practices 
  that 
  might 
  have 
  

   been 
  employed 
  by 
  these 
  people. 
  

  

  There 
  are 
  various 
  sea 
  shells, 
  including 
  clams 
  and 
  choros, 
  in 
  the 
  

   graves, 
  and 
  there 
  are 
  shells 
  of 
  land 
  snails. 
  Skeletons 
  of 
  birds 
  found 
  

   with 
  the 
  dead 
  suggest 
  that 
  they 
  also 
  served 
  as 
  food. 
  Artifacts 
  of 
  

   llama 
  bone 
  are 
  known 
  for 
  this 
  period, 
  and 
  it 
  is 
  likely 
  that 
  this 
  animal 
  

   was 
  eaten. 
  

  

  CLOTHING 
  AND 
  ORNAMENTS 
  

  

  There 
  is 
  considerable 
  emphasis 
  on 
  headgear 
  in 
  Salinar 
  clothing. 
  

   Judging 
  from 
  pottery 
  representations, 
  there 
  was 
  a 
  cap 
  that 
  was 
  

   adapted 
  to 
  the 
  form 
  of 
  the 
  head. 
  The 
  cap 
  was 
  belted 
  with 
  a 
  coiled 
  

   strip 
  of 
  cloth 
  or 
  fibers. 
  This 
  coil 
  or 
  belt 
  for 
  the 
  cap 
  crossed, 
  in 
  some 
  

   cases, 
  in 
  the 
  front, 
  with 
  the 
  two 
  ends 
  fastened 
  upon 
  the 
  head. 
  Some- 
  

   times 
  the 
  ends 
  hung 
  down 
  over 
  the 
  back. 
  There 
  were 
  also 
  conical 
  

   caps 
  similar 
  to 
  the 
  present-day 
  "chullo"; 
  and 
  still 
  others 
  of 
  a 
  rectangu- 
  

   lar 
  form, 
  like 
  a 
  mitre, 
  with 
  a 
  visor 
  attached. 
  

  

  The 
  hair 
  was 
  usually 
  combed 
  in 
  bangs, 
  down 
  to 
  the 
  eyes 
  in 
  front 
  

   and 
  cut 
  back 
  into 
  a 
  step 
  in 
  front 
  of 
  the 
  ears. 
  On 
  the 
  sides 
  and 
  back 
  

  

  