﻿Vol.2] 
  CULTURE 
  OF 
  N. 
  COAST 
  OF 
  PERU 
  — 
  LARCO 
  HOYLE 
  167 
  

  

  consistent, 
  and 
  flexible 
  finish. 
  Complete 
  small 
  animals 
  and 
  birds 
  

   were 
  stuffed 
  for 
  turban 
  ornaments. 
  

  

  Work 
  in 
  gourds. 
  — 
  The 
  gourd, 
  an 
  important 
  article 
  for 
  domestic 
  

   use, 
  was 
  decorated 
  with 
  incisions 
  and 
  inlays. 
  

  

  Metals. 
  — 
  The 
  Mochicas 
  obtained 
  gold, 
  silver, 
  copper, 
  and 
  lead 
  

   (pi. 
  71, 
  e, 
  g, 
  h). 
  The 
  quantities 
  of 
  these 
  metals 
  which 
  are 
  found 
  sug- 
  

   gest 
  that 
  they 
  not 
  only 
  got 
  native 
  metals 
  but 
  may 
  have 
  known 
  tech- 
  

   niques 
  of 
  extraction 
  of 
  ores. 
  Pure 
  lead, 
  perhaps 
  from 
  silver-lead 
  ore, 
  

   has 
  been 
  found 
  in 
  tombs. 
  7 
  They 
  alloyed 
  gold 
  with 
  silver 
  and 
  with 
  

   copper. 
  They 
  also 
  gilded 
  silver 
  and 
  copper 
  with 
  a 
  gold 
  amalgam 
  that 
  

   was 
  put 
  on 
  by 
  the 
  means 
  of 
  fire. 
  A 
  sheet 
  of 
  copper 
  is 
  gilded 
  with 
  a 
  

   very 
  fine 
  layer 
  of 
  gold 
  hammered 
  over 
  it. 
  In 
  soldering, 
  they 
  used 
  

   alloys 
  of 
  silver 
  and 
  gold 
  to 
  solder 
  silver, 
  and 
  alloys 
  of 
  copper 
  and 
  gold 
  

   to 
  solder 
  gold. 
  

  

  Sheets 
  of 
  gold 
  as 
  fine 
  and 
  delicate 
  as 
  note 
  paper 
  have 
  been 
  found 
  in 
  

   Mochica 
  graves. 
  Cascabels 
  were 
  made 
  on 
  stone 
  molds, 
  and 
  metals 
  

   were 
  polished 
  with 
  stone 
  burnishers. 
  

  

  GOVERNMENT 
  

  

  The 
  remains 
  of 
  urban 
  constructions, 
  the 
  expansion 
  of 
  agriculture 
  

   through 
  the 
  great 
  irrigation 
  works, 
  the 
  outstanding 
  architectural 
  mon- 
  

   uments, 
  and 
  the 
  network 
  of 
  roads 
  throughout 
  the 
  Mochica 
  country 
  

   attest 
  to 
  a 
  fife 
  organized 
  by 
  mature 
  governmental 
  methods. 
  In 
  the 
  

   high 
  degree 
  of 
  artistic 
  and 
  technical 
  attainments, 
  it 
  is 
  suggested 
  that 
  

   governmental 
  influence 
  was 
  directed 
  toward 
  great 
  material 
  achieve- 
  

   ments 
  and 
  the 
  diffusion 
  of 
  cultural 
  knowledge. 
  

  

  The 
  Grand 
  Seiior, 
  or 
  Supreme 
  Ruler 
  (Cie. 
  quich), 
  8 
  considered 
  of 
  

   divine 
  origin, 
  was 
  dominant 
  throughout 
  the 
  Mochica 
  territoiy. 
  His 
  

   visage 
  is 
  encountered 
  on 
  funerary 
  ceramics 
  in 
  archeological 
  sites 
  

   throughout 
  the 
  Mochica 
  valleys. 
  Sometimes 
  these 
  vessels 
  represent 
  

   him 
  in 
  full 
  youth; 
  at 
  other 
  times 
  he 
  appears 
  in 
  the 
  sober 
  majesty 
  of 
  the 
  

   adult 
  ruler. 
  The 
  Cacique 
  (Alaec) 
  was 
  the 
  regional 
  governor, 
  and 
  his 
  

   effigy 
  is 
  encountered 
  only 
  within 
  the 
  valley 
  or 
  sector 
  of 
  his 
  particular 
  

   administration. 
  The 
  Grand 
  Senor, 
  Cacique, 
  was 
  the 
  military 
  chief 
  

   as 
  well 
  as 
  civil 
  ruler. 
  Representations 
  of 
  this 
  man 
  with 
  great 
  feline 
  

   teeth 
  indicated 
  his 
  divine 
  origin 
  and 
  religious 
  functions. 
  

  

  Commoners 
  approached 
  the 
  rulers 
  with 
  attitudes 
  of 
  great 
  reverence, 
  

   their 
  hands 
  placed 
  together 
  and 
  head 
  inclined 
  toward 
  the 
  ground. 
  

   When 
  invited 
  to 
  a 
  banquet 
  by 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  chiefs, 
  the 
  guest 
  always 
  sat 
  

   on 
  a 
  lower 
  level 
  while 
  the 
  host 
  ate 
  upon 
  a 
  throne 
  covered 
  by 
  a 
  sun 
  

   shelter. 
  Women 
  never 
  appeared 
  at 
  such 
  social 
  functions. 
  

  

  7 
  The 
  presence 
  of 
  cinnabar 
  (mercuric 
  ore) 
  in 
  Mochica 
  graves 
  shows 
  that 
  this 
  mineral 
  was 
  known. 
  The 
  

   author 
  considers 
  it 
  not 
  unlikely 
  that 
  the 
  Mochica 
  controlled 
  techniques 
  by 
  which 
  they 
  freed 
  mercury 
  from 
  

   the 
  cinnabar 
  and 
  used 
  this 
  metal 
  in 
  the 
  extraction 
  of 
  gold 
  ore.— 
  Author. 
  See 
  Eoot's 
  discussion 
  of 
  metal- 
  

   lurgy 
  in 
  prehistoric 
  Peru, 
  volume 
  5, 
  Handbook 
  of 
  South 
  American 
  Indians, 
  in 
  connection 
  with 
  this.— 
  Editor. 
  

  

  8 
  This 
  name 
  and 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  divinities, 
  mentioned 
  subsequently, 
  are 
  taken 
  from 
  a 
  vocabulary 
  of 
  the 
  historic 
  

   Mochica 
  collected 
  by 
  Father 
  Carrera 
  

  

  