﻿202 
  SOUTH 
  AMEKICAN 
  INDIANS 
  [B. 
  A. 
  E. 
  Bull. 
  143 
  

  

  Almost 
  everywhere 
  in 
  the 
  Andean 
  area, 
  comparatively 
  reliable 
  

   history 
  begins 
  with 
  the 
  Inca 
  conquest 
  in 
  the 
  second 
  half 
  of 
  the 
  15th 
  

   century. 
  Here 
  and 
  there, 
  as 
  among 
  the 
  Lupaca 
  of 
  Lake 
  Titicaca, 
  

   historical 
  traditions 
  going 
  back 
  of 
  the 
  Conquest 
  a 
  little 
  have 
  been 
  pre- 
  

   served. 
  The 
  most 
  important 
  of 
  these 
  traditions 
  comes 
  from 
  the 
  

   valley 
  of 
  Lambayeque 
  in 
  the 
  Chimu 
  Kingdom, 
  where 
  some 
  very 
  long 
  

   genealogies 
  were 
  collected 
  by 
  Father 
  Cabello 
  de 
  Balboa 
  (ms., 
  bk. 
  3, 
  

   ch. 
  17; 
  see 
  also 
  Means, 
  1931, 
  pp. 
  50-55). 
  It 
  is 
  quite 
  likely 
  that 
  the 
  

   Inca 
  owed 
  their 
  interest 
  in 
  the 
  preservation 
  of 
  history 
  to 
  the 
  Coast 
  

   people, 
  from 
  whom 
  they 
  also 
  borrowed 
  certain 
  features 
  of 
  political 
  

   organization. 
  

  

  Along 
  with 
  their 
  soberer 
  history, 
  the 
  Inca 
  handed 
  down 
  many 
  

   legends 
  of 
  gods 
  and 
  heroes, 
  quite 
  similar 
  to 
  those 
  with 
  which 
  the 
  

   Romans 
  of 
  the 
  time 
  of 
  Augustus 
  filled 
  out 
  the 
  blanks 
  in 
  the 
  early 
  

   history 
  of 
  their 
  city. 
  Most 
  of 
  these 
  legends 
  deal 
  with 
  the 
  origins 
  of 
  

   men 
  and 
  customs 
  and 
  the 
  adventures 
  of 
  their 
  more 
  remote 
  ancestors. 
  

   It 
  is 
  not 
  always 
  easy 
  to 
  draw 
  a 
  rigid 
  line 
  between 
  legend 
  and 
  history, 
  

   but 
  for 
  the 
  purposes 
  of 
  this 
  summary, 
  the 
  historical 
  period 
  can 
  be 
  

   said 
  to 
  begin 
  early 
  in 
  the 
  15th 
  century. 
  

  

  The 
  Inca 
  royal 
  family 
  was 
  divided 
  into 
  lineages, 
  each 
  of 
  which 
  

   included 
  the 
  descendants 
  of 
  a 
  past 
  ruler. 
  As 
  the 
  members 
  of 
  these 
  

   royal 
  lineages 
  enjoyed 
  an 
  especially 
  privileged 
  position 
  in 
  Inca 
  society, 
  

   they 
  had 
  good 
  reason 
  to 
  keep 
  careful 
  track 
  of 
  the 
  list 
  of 
  rulers, 
  and, 
  

   with 
  a 
  few 
  qualifications 
  noted 
  below, 
  we 
  are 
  probably 
  safe 
  in 
  accept- 
  

   ing 
  the 
  traditional 
  list 
  of 
  rulers 
  as 
  accurate. 
  The 
  fist, 
  with 
  the 
  Quechua 
  

   names 
  phonetically 
  written 
  in 
  parentheses, 
  is 
  as 
  follows: 
  

  

  (1) 
  Manco 
  Capac 
  (Manko 
  Qhapaq) 
  ; 
  also 
  called 
  Mango 
  Capa, 
  Ayar 
  Mango, 
  etc. 
  

  

  (2) 
  Sinchi 
  Roca 
  (Sinci 
  Roq'a) 
  ; 
  Cinche 
  Roca, 
  Sinchi 
  Rocca, 
  etc. 
  

  

  (3) 
  Lloque 
  Yupanqui 
  (Lyoq'i 
  Yopanki) 
  ; 
  Lloque 
  Yupangue, 
  etc. 
  

  

  (4) 
  Mayta 
  Capac 
  (Mayta 
  Qhapaq); 
  Maita 
  Capa, 
  etc. 
  

  

  (5) 
  Capac 
  Yupanqui 
  (Qhapaq 
  Yopanki); 
  Capa 
  Yupangue, 
  etc. 
  

  

  (6) 
  Inca 
  Roca 
  (Inka 
  Roq'a) 
  ; 
  Inga 
  Roca, 
  Inga 
  Roca 
  Inga, 
  etc. 
  

  

  (7) 
  Yahuar 
  Huacac 
  (Yawar 
  Waqaq) 
  ; 
  Yaguar 
  Guaca, 
  Inga 
  Yupangue, 
  etc. 
  

  

  (8) 
  Viracocha 
  Inca 
  (Wiraqoca 
  Inka); 
  Biracocha, 
  Uiracocha. 
  

  

  (9) 
  Pachacuti 
  Inca 
  Yupanqui 
  (Pacakoti 
  Inka 
  Yopanki); 
  Pachacutec, 
  Inga 
  

  

  Yupangue, 
  etc. 
  

  

  (10) 
  Topa 
  Inca 
  Yupanqui 
  (Thopa 
  Inka 
  Yopanki); 
  Tupac 
  Inca, 
  Topa 
  Inga 
  

  

  Yupangue. 
  

  

  (11) 
  Huayna 
  Capac 
  (Wayna 
  Qhapaq); 
  Guaina 
  Capa, 
  Guayna 
  Cava, 
  Cuzco 
  

  

  Viejo, 
  etc. 
  

  

  (12) 
  Huascar 
  (Waskhar); 
  Guascar. 
  

  

  (13) 
  Atahuallpa 
  (Atawal'pa) 
  ; 
  Atahualpa, 
  Atabalipa, 
  Atagualpa, 
  Atavalpa, 
  etc. 
  

  

  Manco 
  Capac 
  was 
  a 
  demigod 
  who 
  had 
  turned 
  to 
  stone, 
  and 
  the 
  

   stone 
  was 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  Inca's 
  most 
  sacred 
  objects. 
  Bodies 
  purporting 
  

   to 
  be 
  those 
  of 
  all 
  the 
  other 
  rulers 
  were 
  preserved. 
  The 
  lineages 
  

   descended 
  from 
  the 
  first 
  five 
  rulers 
  belonged 
  to 
  the 
  Lower 
  Cuzco 
  

   moiety; 
  the 
  rest 
  to 
  the 
  Upper 
  Cuzco 
  moiety. 
  Huascar's 
  lineage 
  had 
  

  

  