﻿Vol.2] 
  INCA 
  CULTURE 
  — 
  ROWE 
  227 
  

  

  that 
  it 
  would 
  be 
  difficult 
  to 
  insert 
  even 
  a 
  pin 
  into 
  the 
  crack. 
  No 
  mor- 
  

   tar 
  was 
  used, 
  and 
  the 
  edges 
  of 
  the 
  blocks 
  touch 
  at 
  the 
  wall 
  face; 
  in 
  the 
  

   interior 
  of 
  the 
  wall, 
  however, 
  the 
  stones 
  are 
  seldom 
  perfectly 
  fitted, 
  and 
  

   the 
  cracks 
  are 
  filled 
  with 
  mud. 
  (Cf. 
  Cobo, 
  1890-95, 
  bk. 
  14, 
  ch. 
  12.) 
  

  

  A 
  very 
  large 
  proportion 
  of 
  the 
  public 
  buildings 
  in 
  and 
  near 
  Cuzco 
  

   were 
  built 
  wholly 
  or 
  partly 
  of 
  adobe. 
  The 
  Amarucancha, 
  behind 
  the 
  

   Jesuit 
  church 
  in 
  Cuzco, 
  has 
  an 
  Inca 
  stone 
  wall 
  about 
  6 
  feet 
  (2 
  m.) 
  high. 
  

   About 
  10 
  years 
  ago, 
  when 
  an 
  adobe 
  wall 
  on 
  top 
  of 
  the 
  stone 
  was 
  torn 
  

   down, 
  a 
  few 
  courses 
  of 
  Inca 
  adobes 
  were 
  found 
  in 
  place 
  on 
  top 
  of 
  the 
  

   highest 
  course 
  of 
  stones. 
  Some 
  of 
  the 
  adobes 
  are 
  preserved 
  in 
  the 
  

   University 
  Museum 
  at 
  Cuzco 
  ; 
  they 
  are 
  roughly 
  square 
  in 
  cross 
  section, 
  

   perhaps 
  8 
  inches 
  (20 
  cm.) 
  across, 
  and 
  very 
  long, 
  perhaps 
  32 
  inches 
  

   (80 
  cm.). 
  The 
  proportion 
  of 
  straw 
  to 
  mud 
  is 
  very 
  high. 
  The 
  great 
  

   median 
  wall 
  of 
  the 
  Temple 
  of 
  Viracocha 
  at 
  Cacha 
  is 
  built 
  of 
  adobe 
  on 
  

   a 
  stone 
  foundation 
  (Bingham, 
  1916, 
  p. 
  450; 
  Means, 
  1931, 
  fig. 
  170). 
  So 
  

   is 
  the 
  most 
  elaborate 
  adobe 
  ruin 
  in 
  the 
  Highlands, 
  the 
  "House 
  of 
  the 
  

   Inca" 
  at 
  Yucay, 
  and 
  various 
  storehouses 
  in 
  the 
  valleys 
  of 
  Cuzco 
  and 
  

   Chita. 
  About 
  half 
  of 
  the 
  buildings 
  at 
  Pisac 
  are 
  either 
  wholly 
  or 
  partly 
  

   of 
  adobe. 
  Adobes 
  in 
  a 
  number 
  of 
  these 
  sites 
  vary 
  greatly 
  in 
  size 
  even 
  

   in 
  the 
  same 
  wall, 
  suggesting 
  hand 
  rather 
  than 
  mold 
  construction. 
  

   Usually 
  they 
  are 
  flatter 
  and 
  shorter 
  than 
  the 
  ones 
  from 
  Amarucancha. 
  

  

  Doors 
  and 
  niches 
  in 
  Inca 
  adobe 
  buildings 
  usually 
  had 
  lintels 
  made 
  

   by 
  wrapping 
  two 
  or 
  three 
  wooden 
  poles 
  with 
  grass 
  rope, 
  so 
  that 
  they 
  

   could 
  be 
  plastered 
  over. 
  Corners 
  were 
  usually 
  strengthened 
  by 
  sticks 
  

   running 
  across 
  the 
  inside 
  corners 
  of 
  the 
  building. 
  The 
  walls 
  originally 
  

   were 
  covered 
  by 
  a 
  uniform 
  coat 
  of 
  mud 
  plaster 
  which 
  might 
  be 
  painted. 
  

  

  Roofs 
  were 
  made 
  of 
  thatch, 
  but 
  might 
  be 
  extremely 
  elaborate. 
  The 
  

   frame 
  of 
  poles 
  might 
  be 
  covered 
  with 
  straw 
  or 
  reed 
  mats, 
  woven 
  into 
  

   patterns, 
  and 
  the 
  bundles 
  of 
  straw 
  tied 
  onto 
  the 
  mats 
  as 
  thatching 
  

   were 
  laid 
  in 
  rows 
  like 
  shingles 
  with 
  their 
  edges 
  carefully 
  trimmed. 
  

   Cobo 
  mentions 
  having 
  seenlnca 
  roofs 
  about 
  3 
  feet 
  (1 
  m.) 
  thick 
  (1890- 
  

   95, 
  bk. 
  14, 
  ch. 
  3), 
  and 
  Markham 
  and 
  Squier 
  describe 
  one 
  inAzangaro 
  

   which 
  was 
  still 
  standing 
  after 
  more 
  than 
  300 
  years 
  (Markham, 
  1862, 
  

   pp. 
  193-194; 
  Squier, 
  1877, 
  pp. 
  392-395). 
  

  

  The 
  Inca 
  built 
  a 
  great 
  variety 
  of 
  palaces, 
  temples, 
  storehouses, 
  forts, 
  

   baths, 
  agricultural 
  terraces, 
  and 
  tombs, 
  some 
  with 
  plans 
  derived 
  from 
  

   the 
  compound 
  of 
  domestic 
  architecture, 
  and 
  others 
  adapted 
  to 
  partic- 
  

   ular 
  uses. 
  The 
  reader 
  interested 
  in 
  the 
  plans 
  of 
  Inca 
  buildings 
  should 
  

   consult 
  Bandelier 
  (1910); 
  Squier 
  (1877); 
  Rowe 
  (1944); 
  Fejos, 
  (1944); 
  

   and 
  the 
  various 
  reports 
  of 
  the 
  Bingham 
  Expedition. 
  

  

  Late 
  Inca 
  buildings 
  have 
  certain 
  striking 
  characteristics. 
  Sunken 
  

   joints, 
  protuberances, 
  battered 
  walls, 
  trapezoidal 
  niches 
  and 
  doors, 
  

   regular 
  rows 
  of 
  niches, 
  projecting 
  stone 
  pegs 
  on 
  the 
  outside 
  of 
  the 
  

   gables 
  or 
  inside 
  over 
  the 
  niches 
  are 
  typical 
  of 
  Late 
  Inca 
  work. 
  11 
  

  

  " 
  At 
  Yucay, 
  in 
  1943, 
  a 
  ruin 
  with 
  Late 
  Inca 
  architectural 
  traits 
  was 
  found 
  by 
  the 
  UDiversity 
  of 
  Cuzco 
  expe- 
  

   dition 
  to 
  contain 
  Cuzco 
  polychrome 
  (Late 
  Inca) 
  sherds 
  in 
  the 
  mud 
  between 
  the 
  stones. 
  

  

  