﻿266 
  SOUTH 
  AMERICAN 
  INDIANS 
  [B. 
  A. 
  E. 
  Bull. 
  143 
  

  

  kind], 
  and, 
  after 
  the 
  division, 
  each 
  man 
  put 
  into 
  his 
  section 
  his 
  children 
  and 
  wives 
  

   and 
  all 
  the 
  people 
  of 
  his 
  house 
  to 
  help 
  him. 
  In 
  this 
  way, 
  the 
  man 
  who 
  had 
  the 
  

   most 
  workers 
  finished 
  his 
  suyu 
  first, 
  and 
  he 
  was 
  considered 
  a 
  rich 
  man; 
  the 
  poor 
  man 
  

   was 
  he 
  who 
  had 
  no 
  one 
  to 
  help 
  him 
  in 
  his 
  work, 
  and 
  had 
  to 
  work 
  that 
  much 
  longer. 
  

   Each 
  official 
  or 
  curaca 
  followed 
  the 
  same 
  system 
  in 
  his 
  district; 
  the 
  most 
  important 
  

   man 
  starting 
  the 
  work 
  and 
  soon 
  leaving 
  it, 
  and 
  the 
  nobles 
  following 
  him 
  according 
  

   to 
  their 
  rank. 
  

  

  When 
  the 
  chacaras 
  [cakra, 
  "field"] 
  of 
  Religion 
  were 
  finished, 
  the 
  fields 
  of 
  the 
  

   Inca 
  were 
  immediately 
  sown, 
  and, 
  in 
  their 
  cultivation 
  and 
  harvest, 
  the 
  same 
  order 
  

   was 
  followed. 
  All 
  members 
  of 
  the 
  community 
  who 
  were 
  present 
  assembled, 
  and 
  

   with 
  them 
  the 
  officials 
  up 
  to 
  the 
  most 
  important 
  chiefs 
  and 
  governors, 
  dressed 
  in 
  

   their 
  best 
  and 
  singing 
  appropriate 
  songs. 
  When 
  they 
  cultivated 
  the 
  fields 
  of 
  

   Religion, 
  their 
  songs 
  were 
  in 
  praise 
  of 
  their 
  gods, 
  and, 
  when 
  they 
  cultivated 
  the 
  

   king's 
  fields, 
  in 
  his 
  praise. 
  

  

  The 
  third 
  division 
  of 
  the 
  land 
  according 
  to 
  the 
  partition 
  described 
  above 
  was 
  

   assigned 
  to 
  the 
  people 
  in 
  the 
  nature 
  of 
  commons, 
  it 
  being 
  understood 
  that 
  the 
  land 
  

   was 
  the 
  property 
  of 
  the 
  Inca, 
  and 
  the 
  community 
  only 
  had 
  the 
  usufruct. 
  It 
  cannot 
  

   be 
  determined 
  whether 
  this 
  share 
  was 
  equal 
  to 
  the 
  others 
  or 
  greater, 
  but 
  it 
  is 
  cer- 
  

   tain 
  that 
  sufficient 
  lands 
  were 
  given 
  to 
  each 
  province 
  and 
  town 
  to 
  support 
  its 
  

   population, 
  and 
  these 
  lands 
  were 
  distributed 
  each 
  year 
  among 
  the 
  subjects 
  by 
  the 
  

   chief, 
  not 
  in 
  equal 
  parts, 
  but 
  proportionate 
  to 
  the 
  number 
  of 
  children 
  and 
  relatives 
  

   that 
  each 
  man 
  had; 
  and, 
  as 
  the 
  family 
  grew 
  or 
  decreased, 
  its 
  share 
  was 
  enlarged 
  or 
  

   restricted. 
  No 
  one 
  was 
  granted 
  more 
  than 
  just 
  enough 
  to 
  support 
  him, 
  be 
  he 
  

   noble 
  or 
  citizen, 
  even 
  though 
  a 
  great 
  deal 
  of 
  land 
  was 
  left 
  over 
  to 
  lie 
  fallow 
  and 
  

   uncultivated, 
  and 
  this 
  annual 
  division 
  is 
  practiced 
  to 
  this 
  day 
  in 
  the 
  province 
  of 
  

   the 
  Collao 
  and 
  elsewhere, 
  and 
  I 
  have 
  been 
  present 
  when 
  it 
  was 
  done 
  in 
  the 
  Province 
  

   of 
  Chucuito 
  [see 
  The 
  Aymara, 
  pp. 
  514, 
  546 
  in 
  this 
  volume]. 
  

  

  When 
  it 
  was 
  time 
  to 
  sow 
  or 
  cultivate 
  the 
  fields, 
  all 
  other 
  tasks 
  stopped, 
  so 
  that 
  

   all 
  the 
  taxpayers 
  might 
  assemble 
  to 
  take 
  part, 
  and, 
  if 
  it 
  was 
  necessary 
  for 
  someone 
  

   to 
  do 
  something 
  else 
  in 
  an 
  emergency, 
  like 
  war 
  or 
  some 
  other 
  urgent 
  matter, 
  the 
  

   other 
  Indians 
  of 
  the 
  community 
  worked 
  the 
  fields 
  of 
  the 
  absent 
  man 
  without 
  asking 
  

   or 
  receiving 
  any 
  compensation 
  beyond 
  their 
  food, 
  and, 
  this 
  done, 
  each 
  cultivated 
  

   his 
  own 
  fields. 
  This 
  assistance 
  which 
  the 
  community 
  rendered 
  to 
  its 
  absent 
  mem- 
  

   bers 
  caused 
  each 
  man 
  to 
  return 
  home 
  willingly 
  when 
  he 
  had 
  finished 
  his 
  job, 
  for 
  

   he 
  might 
  find 
  on 
  his 
  return 
  after 
  long 
  absence 
  that 
  a 
  harvest 
  which 
  he 
  had 
  neither 
  

   sown 
  nor 
  reaped 
  was 
  gathered 
  into 
  his 
  house. 
  [Cobo, 
  1890-95, 
  bk. 
  12, 
  ch. 
  28; 
  see 
  

   also 
  Falc6n, 
  1918, 
  p. 
  152; 
  Garcilaso, 
  1723, 
  pt. 
  1, 
  bk. 
  5, 
  ch. 
  15.] 
  

  

  There 
  is 
  little 
  to 
  be 
  added 
  to 
  Father 
  Cobo's 
  account. 
  The 
  share 
  of 
  

   land 
  assigned 
  to 
  the 
  community 
  was 
  divided 
  into 
  lots 
  called 
  topo, 
  each 
  

   sufficient 
  to 
  support 
  a 
  taxpayer 
  and 
  his 
  wife. 
  Additional 
  grants 
  were 
  

   made 
  for 
  the 
  children 
  (Garcilaso, 
  1723, 
  pt. 
  1, 
  bk. 
  5, 
  ch. 
  3; 
  Sarmiento, 
  

   1906, 
  ch. 
  52). 
  Although 
  the 
  chroniclers 
  do 
  not 
  say 
  so, 
  it 
  is 
  very 
  pos- 
  

   sible 
  that 
  the 
  yearly 
  distribution 
  of 
  land 
  was 
  to 
  enforce 
  the 
  proper 
  

   rotation 
  of 
  crops. 
  This 
  seems 
  to 
  have 
  been 
  the 
  case 
  in 
  the 
  Province 
  

   of 
  Lupaca. 
  

  

  The 
  Government 
  maintained 
  two 
  sets 
  of 
  storehouses 
  in 
  each 
  dis- 
  

   trict, 
  one 
  for 
  the 
  products 
  of 
  its 
  own 
  fields 
  and 
  the 
  other 
  for 
  those 
  of 
  

   religion. 
  Another 
  set 
  of 
  storehouses 
  was 
  built 
  at 
  the 
  provincial 
  capital 
  

   and 
  there 
  were 
  more 
  at 
  Cuzco 
  in 
  which 
  the 
  products 
  of 
  the 
  provinces 
  

   could 
  be 
  concentrated. 
  The 
  storehouses, 
  built 
  on 
  dry 
  hillsides, 
  con- 
  

  

  