﻿Vol.2] 
  INCA 
  CULTURE 
  — 
  HOWE 
  295 
  

  

  garments. 
  The 
  thunder 
  was 
  the 
  crack 
  of 
  his 
  sling, 
  the 
  lightning 
  the 
  

   flash 
  of 
  his 
  garments 
  as 
  he 
  turned, 
  aud 
  the 
  lightning 
  bolt 
  was 
  his 
  

   slingstone. 
  The 
  Milky 
  Way 
  was 
  a 
  heavenly 
  river 
  from 
  which 
  he 
  

   drew 
  the 
  water 
  for 
  rain. 
  According 
  to 
  Bias 
  Valera, 
  the 
  rain 
  was 
  kept 
  

   in 
  a 
  jug 
  belonging 
  to 
  his 
  sister, 
  and 
  fell 
  when 
  he 
  broke 
  the 
  jug 
  with 
  a 
  

   well-aimed 
  slingstone 
  (Garcilaso, 
  1723, 
  pt. 
  1, 
  bk. 
  2, 
  ch. 
  27). 
  This 
  

   Weather 
  God 
  was 
  called 
  Ilyap'a 
  (a 
  word 
  which 
  includes 
  the 
  ideas 
  of 
  

   thunder, 
  lightning, 
  and 
  thunderbolt) 
  or 
  Inti-ilyap'a, 
  or 
  Coqi-ilya. 
  

   The 
  Indians 
  called 
  the 
  Spanish 
  firearms 
  ilyap'a 
  (Hispanicized, 
  

   illapa), 
  and 
  identified 
  their 
  Weather 
  God 
  with 
  Santiago 
  (Saint 
  James, 
  

   patron 
  saint 
  of 
  Spain). 
  30 
  

  

  The 
  Moon. 
  — 
  The 
  third 
  great 
  sky 
  deity 
  was 
  the 
  Moon 
  (Mama-kilya, 
  

   "mother 
  moon"), 
  a 
  woman 
  and 
  wife 
  of 
  the 
  Sun, 
  important 
  chiefly 
  in 
  

   calculating 
  time 
  and 
  regulating 
  the 
  Inca 
  festival 
  calendar. 
  The 
  

   Indians 
  believed 
  that 
  a 
  moon 
  eclipse 
  was 
  caused 
  by 
  a 
  serpent 
  or 
  

   mountain 
  Hon 
  trying 
  to 
  devour 
  her, 
  and 
  made 
  all 
  the 
  noise 
  possible 
  to 
  

   scare 
  off 
  the 
  attacker, 
  threatening 
  it 
  with 
  their 
  weapons. 
  This 
  custom 
  

   is 
  still 
  practiced 
  in 
  Cuzco. 
  

  

  The 
  Stars. 
  — 
  A 
  number 
  of 
  stars 
  or 
  constellations 
  were 
  believed 
  to 
  be 
  

   the 
  special 
  patrons 
  of 
  certain 
  human 
  activities. 
  The 
  Pleiades 
  (Qolqa, 
  

   "granery") 
  watched 
  over 
  the 
  preservation 
  of 
  seed, 
  and 
  marked 
  certain 
  

   agricultural 
  seasons. 
  A 
  group 
  of 
  stars 
  in 
  Lira 
  called 
  orqo-cilyay, 
  

   representing 
  a 
  parti-colored 
  llama, 
  watched 
  over 
  the 
  flocks. 
  Other 
  

   stars 
  of 
  uncertain 
  identification 
  watched 
  over 
  wild 
  animals; 
  the 
  snakes, 
  

   for 
  instance, 
  had 
  a 
  patron 
  star 
  called 
  mac'aqway, 
  "snake." 
  Venus 
  

   as 
  the 
  Morning 
  Star 
  was 
  called 
  Chaska 
  qoylyor, 
  "shaggy 
  star," 
  and 
  

   figured 
  prominently 
  in 
  mythology. 
  Inca 
  star 
  lore 
  was 
  very 
  elaborate, 
  

   but 
  only 
  a 
  few 
  fragments 
  of 
  it 
  have 
  been 
  preserved 
  by 
  the 
  chroniclers. 
  

   It 
  is 
  quite 
  possible 
  that 
  much 
  more 
  has 
  been 
  preserved 
  to 
  the 
  present 
  

   day 
  by 
  oral 
  tradition. 
  (Cobo, 
  1890-95, 
  bk. 
  13, 
  ch. 
  6; 
  Calancha, 
  1638, 
  

   bk. 
  2, 
  ch. 
  11; 
  Valera, 
  1879, 
  pp. 
  138-140; 
  Pachacuti, 
  1879, 
  pp. 
  256-7; 
  

   Gonzalez, 
  1608.) 
  

  

  The 
  Earth 
  and 
  Sea. 
  — 
  Of 
  equal 
  importance 
  with 
  the 
  sky 
  gods 
  were 
  

   the 
  female 
  supernaturals, 
  Earth 
  (Paca-mama, 
  "earth 
  mother") 
  and 
  

   Sea 
  (Mama-qoca, 
  "mother 
  sea"). 
  Earth 
  was 
  especially 
  important 
  to 
  

   the 
  Highland 
  Indians 
  concerned 
  chiefly 
  with 
  agriculture, 
  whereas 
  Sea 
  

   was 
  especially 
  worshiped 
  by 
  the 
  fishermen 
  of 
  the 
  Coast 
  (Cobo, 
  1890-95, 
  

   bk. 
  13, 
  ch. 
  7). 
  

  

  Huacas. 
  — 
  All 
  other 
  supernatural 
  powers 
  worshiped 
  by 
  the 
  Inca 
  

   were 
  either 
  places 
  or 
  objects, 
  of 
  local 
  importance 
  only, 
  and 
  are 
  

   generally 
  referred 
  to 
  indiscriminately 
  as 
  huacas 
  (uacas, 
  guacas, 
  from 
  

  

  3° 
  Although 
  there 
  is 
  no 
  reason 
  to 
  assume 
  that 
  the 
  religion 
  of 
  the 
  people 
  of 
  Tiahuanaco 
  was 
  the 
  same 
  as 
  that 
  

   of 
  the 
  Inca, 
  if 
  such 
  an 
  assumption 
  is 
  to 
  be 
  made, 
  a 
  very 
  good 
  case 
  could 
  be 
  made 
  out 
  for 
  identifying 
  the 
  central 
  

   figure 
  on 
  the 
  Monolithic 
  Gateway 
  ("Portada 
  del 
  Sol") 
  at 
  Tiahuanaco 
  with 
  Ilyap'a 
  or 
  his 
  Aymara 
  equi- 
  

   valent, 
  Thonapa. 
  On 
  the 
  Thunder 
  God 
  in 
  general, 
  see 
  Cobo, 
  1890-95, 
  bk. 
  13, 
  ch. 
  7; 
  Molina 
  of 
  Cuzco, 
  1913, 
  

   pp. 
  132-3; 
  Pachacuti, 
  1879, 
  pp. 
  237-240. 
  

  

  