﻿Vol.2] 
  COLONIAL 
  QUECHUA 
  — 
  KUBLER 
  345 
  

  

  likely 
  that 
  certain 
  rearrangements 
  of 
  indigenous 
  religious 
  beliefs 
  oc- 
  

   curred, 
  which 
  were 
  designed 
  to 
  equip 
  the 
  spiritual 
  resistance 
  of 
  the 
  

   participants. 
  Finally, 
  the 
  fact 
  of 
  resistance 
  attracted 
  the 
  attention 
  

   of 
  Christian 
  ministers 
  more 
  than 
  the 
  passive 
  acceptance 
  displayed 
  by 
  

   the 
  pacified 
  Quechua. 
  Costly 
  efforts 
  were 
  made 
  to 
  send 
  missionaries 
  

   into 
  Vilcabamba, 
  efforts 
  which 
  were 
  not 
  lavished 
  upon 
  less 
  militant 
  

   regions. 
  That 
  the 
  Neo-Inca 
  tolerated 
  and 
  utilized 
  such 
  missionary 
  

   intrusions 
  is 
  amply 
  recorded 
  ; 
  it 
  probably 
  signifies 
  that 
  resistance 
  was 
  

   directed 
  less 
  against 
  the 
  religious 
  content 
  of 
  colonization 
  than 
  against 
  

   its 
  economic 
  and 
  political 
  implications. 
  ~Neo-Inca 
  receptivity 
  to- 
  

   ward 
  Christianity 
  further 
  demonstrates 
  the 
  inherently 
  economic 
  and 
  

   political 
  character 
  of 
  Conquest 
  colonization 
  in 
  Peru. 
  

  

  However 
  strained 
  and 
  deformed 
  Inca 
  culture 
  may 
  appear 
  during 
  

   its 
  recrudescence 
  in 
  Vilcabamba, 
  and 
  however 
  rapid 
  and 
  contagious 
  

   the 
  involuntary 
  acculturation 
  suffered 
  by 
  its 
  Neo-Inca 
  members, 
  one 
  

   factor 
  must 
  not 
  be 
  overlooked. 
  Had 
  separatism 
  proved 
  more 
  success- 
  

   ful, 
  or 
  had 
  its 
  direction 
  fallen 
  into 
  more 
  able 
  hands, 
  Inca 
  culture 
  might 
  

   once 
  again 
  have 
  unfolded 
  its 
  approximate 
  configuration. 
  It 
  is 
  not 
  

   unreasonable 
  to 
  suppose 
  that 
  its 
  apparatus 
  entered 
  a 
  latent 
  state 
  in 
  

   Vilcabamba, 
  awaiting 
  the 
  moment 
  of 
  release 
  from 
  pressure 
  to 
  be 
  re- 
  

   activated. 
  And 
  yet, 
  these 
  latent 
  institutions 
  were 
  surely 
  affected 
  by 
  

   the 
  historical 
  facts 
  of 
  separatism 
  and 
  progressive 
  acculturation. 
  

  

  Thus, 
  the 
  general 
  pattern 
  of 
  the 
  life 
  of 
  the 
  Conquest 
  Quechua, 
  

   whether 
  proto-Colonial 
  or 
  Neo-Inca, 
  displays 
  certain 
  uniform 
  traits. 
  

   A 
  truncated 
  indigenous 
  culture 
  survived 
  with 
  great 
  vigor 
  within 
  

   Spanish 
  political 
  and 
  economic 
  pressures. 
  Its 
  leveling 
  and 
  degrada- 
  

   tion 
  were 
  hastened 
  by 
  greatly 
  increased 
  physical 
  and 
  social 
  mobility. 
  

   Acculturation 
  proceeded 
  most 
  rapidly 
  among 
  the 
  floating 
  populations 
  

   released 
  from 
  previous 
  cultural 
  restrictions. 
  The 
  disruption 
  of 
  the 
  

   social 
  order 
  and 
  economic 
  life 
  left 
  the 
  structure 
  of 
  Quechua 
  religion 
  re- 
  

   latively 
  intact, 
  whose 
  foundations, 
  of 
  course, 
  rested 
  in 
  the 
  Quechua 
  

   community. 
  

  

  EAELY 
  COLONIAL 
  QUECHUA 
  (1572-CA.1650) 
  

  

  Very 
  sharp 
  distinctions 
  may 
  be 
  drawn 
  between 
  the 
  events 
  of 
  this 
  

   period 
  and 
  those 
  which 
  immediately 
  precede 
  and 
  follow 
  it. 
  The 
  

   chronological 
  hinge 
  is 
  given 
  by 
  the 
  administration 
  of 
  Viceroy 
  Toledo 
  

   and 
  the 
  suppression 
  of 
  Neo-Inca 
  resistance 
  early 
  in 
  the 
  decade 
  of 
  the 
  

   1570's. 
  The 
  great 
  administrative 
  changes 
  that 
  mark 
  the 
  period 
  are 
  

   connected 
  by 
  intimate 
  functional 
  relationships. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  first 
  place, 
  the 
  reconcentration 
  of 
  dispersed 
  populations 
  was 
  

   undertaken 
  on 
  a 
  Pan-Peruvian 
  scale. 
  The 
  systematic 
  campaign 
  of 
  

   urbanization 
  which 
  this 
  involved 
  led 
  to 
  the 
  creation 
  of 
  centers 
  of 
  popu- 
  

   lation 
  adjusted 
  to 
  the 
  emerging 
  Colonial 
  economy. 
  The 
  total 
  num- 
  

   ber 
  of 
  settlements 
  was 
  greatly 
  reduced 
  by 
  increasing 
  their 
  individual 
  

  

  