﻿Vol.2] 
  COLONIAL 
  QUECHUA 
  — 
  KUBLER 
  387 
  

  

  his 
  execution. 
  (Fig. 
  40.) 
  Thus, 
  in 
  1781, 
  three 
  distinct 
  and 
  separate 
  

   insurrections 
  were 
  in 
  progress, 
  connected 
  only 
  by 
  the 
  most 
  tenuous 
  

   relations: 
  the 
  Chayanta 
  rebellion, 
  the 
  rebellion 
  of 
  Tupac 
  Amaru, 
  and 
  

   the 
  siege 
  of 
  La 
  Paz 
  under 
  the 
  command 
  of 
  Julian 
  Apasa. 
  That 
  none 
  

   of 
  them 
  succeeded 
  may 
  be 
  attributed 
  in 
  large 
  part 
  to 
  the 
  fact 
  that 
  

   they 
  remained 
  separate 
  and 
  unrelated. 
  

  

  The 
  tactical 
  conduct 
  of 
  the 
  siege 
  of 
  La 
  Paz 
  reveals 
  remarkable 
  va- 
  

   riety 
  and 
  inventiveness, 
  vitiated, 
  however, 
  by 
  the 
  lack 
  of 
  discipline 
  

   and 
  training 
  among 
  the 
  peasant 
  levies. 
  Early 
  in 
  the 
  campaign, 
  the 
  

   Indians 
  were 
  armed 
  only 
  with 
  stones, 
  and 
  they 
  attacked 
  most 
  heavily 
  

   during 
  rainy 
  weather, 
  in 
  the 
  justifiable 
  hope 
  that 
  the 
  European 
  fire- 
  

   arms 
  would 
  be 
  made 
  ineffective. 
  At 
  this 
  stage, 
  Indian 
  morale 
  was 
  

   good; 
  it 
  is 
  reported 
  that 
  the 
  attackers 
  were 
  most 
  solicitous 
  to 
  conceal 
  

   and 
  bury 
  their 
  dead; 
  the 
  few 
  prisoners 
  preferred 
  suicide 
  to 
  captivity 
  

   (Segurola, 
  1881, 
  pp. 
  387-88). 
  Soon 
  the 
  Indians 
  managed 
  to 
  spread 
  

   the 
  siege 
  by 
  burning 
  surrounding 
  communities, 
  impounding 
  all 
  live- 
  

   stock, 
  and 
  by 
  investing 
  the 
  roads 
  over 
  which 
  reinforcements 
  might 
  

   come. 
  Firearms 
  were 
  procured 
  and 
  aimed 
  by 
  snipers 
  sheltered 
  within 
  

   the 
  ruins 
  of 
  the 
  burned 
  houses 
  at 
  the 
  city's 
  edges. 
  Captive 
  Spaniards 
  

   were 
  made 
  to 
  serve 
  the 
  newly 
  acquired 
  artillery, 
  and 
  the 
  rebel 
  effec- 
  

   tives 
  were 
  augmented 
  by 
  Mestizo 
  deserters 
  from 
  the 
  city. 
  By 
  April 
  

   the 
  attackers 
  could 
  circulate 
  unseen 
  all 
  about 
  the 
  city, 
  using 
  the 
  burnt- 
  

   out 
  shells 
  of 
  houses. 
  Attacks 
  in 
  force 
  were 
  delivered 
  by 
  files 
  of 
  foot 
  

   soldiers 
  moving 
  behind 
  the 
  cover 
  of 
  horses 
  and 
  pack 
  animals 
  (Segu- 
  

   rola, 
  1881, 
  pp. 
  390-96). 
  Their 
  armament 
  then 
  included 
  cannon, 
  

   mortars, 
  and 
  muskets. 
  The 
  cannon 
  were 
  used 
  to 
  fire 
  hand 
  grenades; 
  

   explosive 
  sling 
  missiles, 
  rockets, 
  aud 
  incendiary 
  arrows 
  wrought 
  much 
  

   damage. 
  The 
  artillery, 
  however, 
  did 
  little 
  harm, 
  for 
  the 
  fire 
  of 
  the 
  

   four 
  mortars 
  was 
  laid 
  by 
  Mariano 
  Murillo, 
  a 
  captive 
  and 
  naturally 
  

   uncooperative 
  loyalist, 
  whose 
  arms 
  Julian 
  Apasa 
  later 
  had 
  struck 
  off 
  

   (Segurola, 
  1881, 
  pp. 
  405, 
  412) 
  in 
  punishment 
  for 
  attempting 
  to 
  com- 
  

   municate 
  with 
  the 
  city. 
  

  

  Meanwhile, 
  the 
  Indian 
  host 
  had 
  encamped 
  upon 
  the 
  plateau 
  above 
  

   La 
  Paz, 
  in 
  what 
  has 
  been 
  described 
  as 
  "another 
  city/' 
  with 
  a 
  church, 
  

   many 
  dwellings, 
  a 
  prison, 
  and 
  other 
  buildings, 
  in 
  a 
  manner 
  suggesting 
  

   the 
  practice 
  of 
  the 
  great 
  Inca 
  sieges 
  (Bram, 
  1941, 
  p. 
  85; 
  Segurola, 
  

   1881, 
  p. 
  421). 
  The 
  camp 
  had 
  24 
  cabildos, 
  each 
  with 
  its 
  gallows 
  and 
  

   whipping 
  post. 
  A 
  great 
  tent 
  was 
  called 
  the 
  Palacio; 
  in 
  it 
  lived 
  Julian 
  

   Apasa 
  with 
  his 
  young 
  chola 
  wife, 
  a 
  government 
  of 
  four 
  "oidores," 
  

   various 
  ambassadors, 
  two 
  captive 
  priests, 
  and 
  Bonifacio 
  Chuqui- 
  

   mamani, 
  the 
  cholo 
  secretary 
  (Borda, 
  1881, 
  p. 
  440). 
  The 
  "oidores" 
  

   administered 
  the 
  sale 
  of 
  coca 
  and 
  the 
  estates 
  of 
  the 
  deceased; 
  they 
  

   were 
  also 
  the 
  treasurers 
  and 
  the 
  supply 
  officers 
  for 
  the 
  army 
  (Borda, 
  

   1881, 
  p 
  441). 
  The 
  ritual 
  life 
  of 
  the 
  camp 
  was 
  punctuated 
  by 
  frequent 
  

   performances 
  of 
  great 
  wheel 
  dances 
  (bailes 
  de 
  rueda). 
  It 
  is 
  striking 
  

  

  