﻿Vol.2] 
  CONTEMPORARY 
  QUECHUA 
  — 
  MISHKIN 
  417 
  

  

  always 
  have 
  facilities 
  for 
  irrigation, 
  thus 
  plant 
  early 
  potatoes, 
  maize, 
  

   and 
  barley 
  for 
  fodder. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  community 
  of 
  Kauri, 
  the 
  early 
  planting 
  of 
  beans 
  extends 
  

   from 
  July 
  25 
  to 
  August 
  8. 
  Occasionally, 
  a 
  crop 
  of 
  potatoes 
  is 
  sown 
  

   during 
  this 
  period. 
  The 
  real 
  planting 
  season 
  begins 
  around 
  the 
  fiesta 
  

   of 
  the 
  Virgin 
  of 
  Rosario, 
  October 
  7, 
  and 
  runs 
  through 
  December. 
  

   Potatoes, 
  quinoa, 
  ocas, 
  lisas, 
  and 
  barley 
  are 
  planted 
  during 
  this 
  period. 
  

   The 
  first 
  harvest 
  of 
  ocas 
  and 
  lisas 
  in 
  Kauri 
  takes 
  place 
  around 
  the 
  

   first 
  of 
  May, 
  followed 
  by 
  the 
  digging 
  of 
  potatoes 
  and 
  reaping 
  barley 
  

   from 
  San 
  Juan 
  (June 
  24) 
  to 
  Santiago 
  (July 
  25) 
  . 
  

  

  Plowing 
  begins 
  shortly 
  after 
  Carnival, 
  depending 
  in 
  Kauri 
  on 
  when 
  

   the 
  Governor 
  of 
  the 
  district 
  arrives 
  to 
  reapportion 
  the 
  land. 
  This 
  

   frequently 
  occurs 
  around 
  March 
  14. 
  No 
  one 
  may 
  begin 
  plowing 
  

   until 
  "repartici6n" 
  of 
  the 
  arable 
  land 
  has 
  been 
  completed, 
  else 
  he 
  is 
  

   fined. 
  Once 
  the 
  boundaries 
  have 
  been 
  reaffirmed 
  by 
  the 
  Governor 
  of 
  

   the 
  district, 
  plowing 
  goes 
  on 
  until 
  Easter 
  time. 
  

  

  Arable 
  land 
  is 
  divided 
  into 
  two 
  large 
  classes: 
  (1) 
  The 
  irrigated 
  

   lands, 
  usually 
  in 
  the 
  valleys 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  Highland 
  stretches 
  bordering 
  

   streams, 
  and 
  (2) 
  the 
  nonirrigated, 
  so-called 
  dry 
  lands 
  on 
  the 
  hillsides 
  

   and 
  flat 
  plains 
  of 
  the 
  altiplano. 
  Irrigation 
  is 
  rather 
  simple. 
  Gener- 
  

   ally, 
  each 
  community 
  which 
  has 
  access 
  to 
  water 
  will 
  cut 
  some 
  narrow 
  

   ditches 
  from 
  the 
  river. 
  These 
  disappear 
  after 
  a 
  short 
  time 
  and 
  must 
  

   be 
  redug. 
  The 
  battle 
  for 
  water 
  rights 
  goes 
  on 
  incessantly 
  in 
  all 
  parts 
  

   of 
  Perti. 
  Occasionally, 
  conflicts 
  develop 
  between 
  one 
  community 
  and 
  

   another, 
  rarely 
  between 
  individuals 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  community. 
  The 
  

   classic 
  case, 
  however, 
  is 
  community 
  versus 
  hacienda, 
  and 
  the 
  haci- 
  

   enda 
  is 
  generally 
  victorious. 
  Water 
  is 
  drawn 
  off 
  by 
  the 
  hacienda 
  in 
  

   amounts 
  that 
  leave 
  little 
  for 
  the 
  community, 
  or 
  the 
  course 
  of 
  the 
  river 
  

   may 
  even 
  be 
  changed 
  altogether. 
  

  

  Rotation 
  of 
  crops 
  is 
  practiced 
  everywhere. 
  In 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  best 
  

   lands 
  of 
  Cuzco, 
  Puno, 
  and 
  Central 
  Peru, 
  rotation 
  proceeds 
  according 
  

   to 
  a 
  three-crop 
  system 
  with 
  a 
  reversion 
  to 
  the 
  first 
  crop 
  in 
  the 
  fourth 
  

   year. 
  Continuous 
  cultivation 
  of 
  this 
  sort 
  is 
  rather 
  uncommon. 
  The 
  

   usual 
  picture 
  of 
  crop 
  rotation 
  among 
  the 
  Quechua 
  includes 
  several 
  

   fallow 
  years 
  after 
  the 
  planting 
  of 
  a 
  third 
  crop. 
  In 
  various 
  parts 
  of 
  the 
  

   Department 
  of 
  Cuzco 
  the 
  following 
  rotation 
  has 
  been 
  noted: 
  First 
  

   year, 
  potatoes; 
  second 
  year, 
  ocas 
  or 
  lisas; 
  third 
  year, 
  barley. 
  The 
  

   land 
  is 
  then 
  allowed 
  to 
  lie 
  fallow 
  for 
  3 
  years, 
  after 
  which 
  potatoes 
  are 
  

   sown 
  again. 
  On 
  the 
  mountain 
  slopes 
  and 
  hillsides 
  there 
  is 
  usually 
  

   one 
  crop, 
  potatoes, 
  with 
  5 
  to 
  10 
  years 
  of 
  soil 
  rest. 
  Arable 
  land 
  which 
  

   is 
  lying 
  fallow 
  is 
  generally 
  used 
  for 
  pasture. 
  In 
  Kauri, 
  after 
  the 
  barley 
  

   crop 
  is 
  harvested 
  at 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  the 
  third 
  year, 
  the 
  plots 
  are 
  turned 
  into 
  

   pasture 
  for 
  the 
  fourth 
  and 
  fifth 
  years. 
  In 
  the 
  sixth 
  year, 
  the 
  plots 
  

   are 
  entirely 
  unused, 
  grazing 
  being 
  prohibited. 
  On 
  the 
  slopes, 
  the 
  

  

  