﻿420 
  SOUTH 
  AMERICAN 
  INDIANS 
  [B. 
  A. 
  B. 
  Bull. 
  143 
  

  

  Once 
  there 
  is 
  variation 
  in 
  the 
  size 
  of 
  plots 
  owned 
  by 
  the 
  members 
  

   of 
  a 
  work 
  party, 
  complications 
  arise. 
  A 
  may 
  require 
  8, 
  10, 
  or 
  15 
  

   workers 
  to 
  plow 
  his 
  plot; 
  B 
  may 
  need 
  the 
  assistance 
  of 
  only 
  2 
  or 
  3 
  

   workers 
  in 
  addition 
  to 
  the 
  members 
  of 
  his 
  own 
  family 
  ; 
  C 
  may 
  have 
  to 
  

   call 
  only 
  on 
  the 
  assistance 
  of 
  one 
  adult 
  and 
  one 
  minor. 
  Inequality 
  

   of 
  land 
  holdings 
  together 
  with 
  inequality 
  of 
  labor 
  needs 
  leaves 
  an 
  

   uneven 
  result 
  when 
  the 
  final 
  balance 
  of 
  labor 
  debits 
  and 
  credits 
  is 
  

   arrived 
  at. 
  Frequently, 
  the 
  balance 
  has 
  to 
  be 
  equated 
  by 
  payment 
  

   in 
  cash 
  or 
  in 
  produce. 
  In 
  many 
  places 
  there 
  seems 
  to 
  be 
  an 
  inevitable 
  

   segregation 
  of 
  work 
  groups 
  in 
  accordance 
  with 
  the 
  size 
  of 
  land 
  holdings, 
  

   but 
  this 
  is 
  by 
  no 
  means 
  general. 
  The 
  composition 
  of 
  work 
  groups 
  is 
  

   determined 
  mainly 
  by 
  factors 
  other 
  than 
  the 
  size 
  of 
  plots 
  owned 
  by 
  

   the 
  members. 
  These 
  are 
  kinship 
  and 
  residence. 
  

  

  With 
  the 
  atomization 
  of 
  land 
  holdings, 
  groups 
  working 
  in 
  aine 
  are 
  

   much 
  smaller 
  than 
  they 
  had 
  been 
  previously. 
  The 
  few 
  men 
  who 
  have 
  

   accumulated 
  large 
  land 
  holdings 
  prefer 
  to 
  pay 
  outright 
  for 
  labor. 
  

   There 
  are 
  visible 
  signs 
  of 
  the 
  disintegration 
  of 
  the 
  aine 
  system. 
  

  

  Division 
  of 
  labor 
  by 
  sex 
  in 
  agricultural 
  activities 
  allows 
  for 
  a 
  full 
  

   participation 
  of 
  women. 
  Men 
  do 
  the 
  plowing, 
  both 
  with 
  regular 
  

   plow 
  and 
  digging 
  stick. 
  Most 
  of 
  the 
  threshing 
  of 
  grain 
  is 
  done 
  by 
  

   men 
  (pi. 
  94, 
  bottom). 
  The 
  rest 
  of 
  the 
  work 
  may 
  be 
  done 
  by 
  women 
  

   although 
  none 
  of 
  the 
  work 
  is 
  exclusively 
  theirs. 
  Turning 
  the 
  clods 
  at 
  

   plowing 
  time, 
  the 
  rapay, 
  is 
  usually 
  the 
  work 
  of 
  women 
  or 
  boys. 
  Weed- 
  

   ing 
  and 
  banking 
  (allmeo) 
  are 
  as 
  often 
  done 
  by 
  women 
  as 
  by 
  men. 
  In 
  

   sowing, 
  women 
  may 
  either 
  plant 
  the 
  seed 
  or 
  scatter 
  fertilizer. 
  Har- 
  

   vest 
  work 
  is 
  done 
  equally 
  by 
  men 
  and 
  women. 
  In 
  general, 
  women 
  

   are 
  given 
  what 
  is 
  considered 
  the 
  light 
  work 
  to 
  do 
  in 
  agriculture; 
  men, 
  

   the 
  heavy 
  work. 
  However, 
  in 
  settling 
  balances 
  of 
  work 
  in 
  aine, 
  a 
  day 
  

   of 
  work 
  of 
  a 
  woman 
  is 
  often 
  taken 
  to 
  be 
  equivalent 
  to 
  a 
  workday 
  of 
  

   a 
  man. 
  

  

  Land 
  tenure. 
  — 
  Crop 
  rotation 
  is 
  equated 
  with 
  the 
  existence 
  of 
  

   separate 
  lots 
  or 
  sections 
  (suertes) 
  of 
  land 
  distributed 
  in 
  various 
  corners 
  

   of 
  the 
  community's 
  domain. 
  These 
  suertes 
  are 
  broken 
  up 
  into 
  a 
  

   series 
  of 
  family 
  plots, 
  so 
  that 
  each 
  family 
  has 
  holdings 
  in 
  several 
  

   suertes. 
  In 
  some 
  areas, 
  every 
  family 
  possesses 
  a 
  plot 
  in 
  each 
  suerte. 
  

   But 
  this 
  is 
  not 
  the 
  general 
  case. 
  In 
  Kauri, 
  for 
  example, 
  where 
  there 
  

   are 
  6 
  suertes 
  of 
  land 
  in 
  the 
  pampa 
  coinciding 
  with 
  6 
  on 
  the 
  slopes, 
  sev- 
  

   eral 
  families 
  have 
  no 
  hillside 
  land 
  at 
  all. 
  Many 
  own 
  plots 
  in 
  but 
  four 
  

   or 
  five 
  sections 
  of 
  the 
  pampa. 
  According 
  to 
  Kauri 
  theory, 
  a 
  man 
  

   should 
  have 
  land 
  in 
  at 
  least 
  six 
  sections 
  — 
  four 
  in 
  the 
  pampa 
  and 
  two 
  

   on 
  the 
  slopes. 
  This 
  is 
  regarded 
  as 
  the 
  absolute 
  minimum 
  to 
  make 
  

   ends 
  meet. 
  The 
  size 
  of 
  a 
  suerte 
  varies, 
  but 
  usually 
  they 
  are 
  several 
  

   kilometers 
  long 
  by 
  several 
  hundred 
  meters 
  wide. 
  A 
  section 
  of 
  this 
  

   size 
  would 
  be 
  divided 
  into 
  about 
  ICO 
  plots. 
  

  

  