﻿Vol.2] 
  CONTEMPORARY 
  QUECHUA 
  — 
  MISHKIN 
  469 
  

  

  aguardiente 
  is 
  poured 
  over 
  the 
  cattle 
  and 
  a 
  coca 
  offering 
  is 
  made 
  to 
  the 
  

   Apus, 
  spirits 
  of 
  the 
  mountains, 
  to 
  guard 
  over 
  them. 
  

  

  Sorcery 
  and 
  curing. 
  — 
  Quechua 
  sorcerers 
  are 
  capable 
  of 
  performing 
  

   good 
  magic 
  and 
  black 
  magic; 
  they 
  are 
  at 
  the 
  same 
  time 
  diviners 
  and 
  

   practical 
  physicians. 
  Three 
  classes 
  of 
  spirits 
  enter 
  into 
  curing 
  and 
  

   the 
  practice 
  of 
  sorcery 
  : 
  the 
  Ccoa, 
  the 
  Aukis, 
  and 
  the 
  spirits 
  of 
  the 
  

   former 
  gentiles 
  inhabiting 
  the 
  lower 
  portions 
  of 
  the 
  earth. 
  First, 
  the 
  

   Ccoa 
  selects 
  and 
  gives 
  power 
  to 
  the 
  sorcerer 
  by 
  striking 
  him 
  with 
  

   lightning. 
  The 
  Aukis 
  are 
  called 
  upon 
  by 
  the 
  sorcerer 
  to 
  help 
  him 
  

   with 
  his 
  curing. 
  Finally, 
  in 
  order 
  to 
  effect 
  a 
  cure 
  the 
  sorcerer 
  must 
  

   combat 
  the 
  evil 
  spirits 
  of 
  the 
  gentiles, 
  who 
  are 
  responsible 
  for 
  the 
  

   more 
  serious 
  diseases. 
  

  

  In 
  most 
  Quechua 
  communities 
  there 
  are 
  to 
  be 
  found 
  the 
  superior 
  

   sorcerers 
  called 
  alto 
  misayoc 
  and 
  the 
  inferior 
  sorcerers 
  known 
  as 
  pampa 
  

   misahoc. 
  The 
  superior 
  sorcerers 
  are 
  those 
  who 
  have 
  been 
  struck 
  by 
  

   lightning 
  three 
  times, 
  according 
  to 
  Kauri 
  informants. 
  The 
  inferior 
  

   sorcerers 
  are 
  struck 
  by 
  lightning 
  only 
  once. 
  Both 
  kinds 
  of 
  sorcerers 
  

   can 
  practice 
  black 
  magic 
  and 
  divination, 
  can 
  cure 
  and 
  can 
  combat 
  

   black 
  magic. 
  The 
  essential 
  difference 
  lies 
  in 
  their 
  relationship 
  to 
  the 
  

   spirits. 
  The 
  alto 
  misahoc 
  can 
  converse 
  with 
  the 
  Aukis, 
  which 
  is 
  their 
  

   principal 
  method 
  of 
  divination. 
  The 
  pampa 
  misahoc 
  is 
  guided 
  solely 
  

   by 
  the 
  Ccoa. 
  Women 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  men 
  can 
  be 
  sorcerers. 
  It 
  is 
  said 
  that 
  

   the 
  women 
  are 
  sorcerers 
  of 
  the 
  left, 
  while 
  men 
  are 
  sorcerers 
  of 
  the 
  

   right; 
  the 
  former 
  are 
  more 
  powerful. 
  

  

  In 
  August 
  when 
  the 
  earth 
  is 
  alive, 
  various 
  kinds 
  of 
  stones 
  are 
  

   thrown 
  up 
  which 
  are 
  used 
  as 
  amulets. 
  There 
  are 
  seven 
  major 
  classes 
  

   of 
  stones 
  called: 
  Mijuy 
  cuyac 
  (for 
  food), 
  uyhua 
  cuyac 
  (for 
  cattle), 
  

   oveja 
  cuyac 
  (for 
  sheep), 
  llama 
  cuyac 
  (for 
  llamas), 
  huaca 
  cuyac 
  (for 
  

   cattle), 
  pampa 
  misa 
  cuyac 
  (for 
  inferior 
  sorcerers), 
  and 
  alto 
  misa 
  cuyac 
  

   (for 
  superior 
  sorcerers). 
  The 
  last 
  two 
  get 
  their 
  names 
  from 
  their 
  

   shape, 
  pampa 
  misa 
  referring 
  to 
  a 
  low 
  table 
  and 
  alto 
  misa 
  to 
  a 
  table 
  

   with 
  legs. 
  In 
  order 
  to 
  discover 
  whether 
  a 
  stone 
  has 
  magic 
  properties 
  

   and 
  to 
  which 
  class 
  it 
  belongs, 
  one 
  must 
  consult 
  a 
  diviner. 
  

  

  The 
  methods 
  used 
  in 
  curing 
  are 
  numerous, 
  and 
  vary 
  in 
  accordance 
  

   with 
  the 
  favored 
  technique 
  of 
  the 
  curer 
  and 
  the 
  region 
  from 
  which 
  

   he 
  comes. 
  In 
  Kauri, 
  curing 
  by 
  invoking 
  of 
  the 
  Aukis 
  is 
  a 
  common 
  

   method. 
  The 
  brujo 
  enters 
  a 
  sickroom 
  in 
  which 
  there 
  is 
  a 
  table 
  

   holding 
  a 
  bottle 
  of 
  aguardiente, 
  coca, 
  sugar, 
  a 
  whip, 
  and 
  20 
  centavos. 
  

   A 
  piece 
  of 
  white 
  paper 
  is 
  put 
  on 
  the 
  ground. 
  The 
  brujo 
  darkens 
  the 
  

   room 
  and 
  calls 
  on 
  his 
  tutelary 
  Auki. 
  The 
  door 
  is 
  closed, 
  the 
  brujo 
  

   whistles 
  three 
  times, 
  and 
  the 
  Auki 
  responds 
  by 
  entering 
  through 
  the 
  

   roof 
  and 
  settling 
  on 
  the 
  white 
  paper. 
  Then, 
  by 
  the 
  aid 
  of 
  ventrilo- 
  

   quism, 
  a 
  conversation 
  is 
  held 
  between 
  the 
  brujo 
  and 
  the 
  Auki 
  in 
  which 
  

   the 
  Auki 
  reveals 
  the 
  cause 
  of 
  the 
  illness 
  and 
  advises 
  a 
  remedy. 
  Mov- 
  

   ing 
  his 
  wings, 
  the 
  Auki 
  leaves 
  again 
  by 
  way 
  of 
  the 
  roof. 
  At 
  times 
  

  

  