﻿Vol.2] 
  INDIAN 
  MARKETS 
  IN 
  PERU 
  — 
  VALCARCEL 
  481 
  

  

  Both 
  natural 
  and 
  industrial 
  products 
  are 
  exchanged 
  in 
  the 
  Indian 
  

   markets. 
  These 
  are 
  family 
  products, 
  the 
  fruit 
  of 
  the 
  uninterrupted 
  

   labor 
  of 
  the 
  man 
  and 
  woman, 
  who 
  collaborate 
  closely 
  in 
  agricultural 
  

   labors 
  and 
  in 
  domestic 
  industries. 
  Both 
  sexes 
  weave 
  or 
  make 
  pot- 
  

   tery. 
  While 
  the 
  man 
  plows 
  the 
  land, 
  the 
  woman 
  sows 
  the 
  seed. 
  But 
  

   business 
  activity 
  is 
  largely 
  entrusted 
  only 
  to 
  women, 
  who 
  comprise 
  

   70 
  to 
  80 
  percent 
  of 
  the 
  vendors 
  at 
  markets 
  and 
  fairs. 
  In 
  cities 
  like 
  

   Cuzco, 
  Indian 
  women 
  provide 
  eggs, 
  milk, 
  and 
  cheese, 
  and 
  men 
  pro- 
  

   vide 
  firewood 
  or 
  other 
  fuels, 
  such 
  as 
  llama 
  dung 
  (takjia), 
  though 
  

   women 
  also 
  often 
  carry 
  on 
  such 
  business. 
  Transportation 
  is 
  exclu- 
  

   sively 
  in 
  the 
  man's 
  charge 
  when 
  a 
  quantity 
  of 
  bags 
  or 
  bundles 
  are 
  to 
  

   to 
  be 
  carried 
  on 
  droves 
  of 
  llamas 
  or 
  burros, 
  but 
  the 
  small 
  loads 
  of 
  

   goods 
  for 
  sale 
  at 
  the 
  market 
  are 
  carried 
  by 
  the 
  Indian 
  woman 
  on 
  her 
  

   back, 
  with 
  her 
  baby 
  on 
  top, 
  or 
  else 
  on 
  her 
  llama, 
  which 
  is 
  led 
  by 
  a 
  

   rope 
  around 
  its 
  neck, 
  or 
  on 
  her 
  slow, 
  patient 
  donkey. 
  Once 
  at 
  the 
  

   trading 
  place, 
  she 
  places 
  the 
  products 
  or 
  articles 
  — 
  little 
  piles 
  of 
  grains 
  

   or 
  cooking 
  pots, 
  handiwork, 
  etc. 
  — 
  on 
  the 
  ground 
  on 
  a 
  blanket 
  woven 
  

   by 
  herself. 
  For 
  a 
  Sunday 
  market, 
  she 
  divides 
  her 
  goods 
  into 
  sections 
  

   according 
  to 
  the 
  categories 
  of 
  products 
  for 
  sale. 
  Often 
  a 
  woman 
  may 
  

   sell 
  articles 
  of 
  different 
  types, 
  e. 
  g., 
  potatoes 
  or 
  chufiu, 
  veal, 
  onions, 
  

   and 
  roasted 
  beans. 
  Some, 
  however, 
  specialize 
  in 
  single 
  wares, 
  such 
  

   as 
  pottery 
  vessels 
  or 
  baize, 
  a 
  coarse 
  fabric. 
  

  

  An 
  inventory 
  of 
  the 
  aboriginal 
  products 
  that 
  are 
  commonly 
  offered 
  

   for 
  sale 
  in 
  the 
  markets 
  in 
  the 
  Peruvian 
  Sierra, 
  includes 
  : 
  Maize 
  which 
  

   is 
  tender 
  (chojllo), 
  dried 
  in 
  various 
  degrees, 
  cooked 
  and 
  preserved 
  

   (chochoka), 
  simply 
  cooked 
  (muti), 
  cooked 
  and 
  cracked 
  (sarapata), 
  

   or 
  roasted 
  (kamcha 
  or 
  hamka); 
  many 
  varieties 
  of 
  potatoes 
  which 
  

   are 
  fresh 
  or 
  dehydrated 
  (chunu 
  or 
  moraya) 
  and 
  have 
  great 
  nutritive 
  

   value; 
  quinoa 
  of 
  various 
  kinds; 
  ocas 
  and 
  preserved 
  ocas 
  (kawi) 
  ; 
  ulluco; 
  

   mashua 
  (anu); 
  a 
  sweet 
  variety 
  of 
  white 
  potatoes; 
  sweet 
  potatoes 
  

   (apichu) 
  ; 
  manioc 
  or 
  yuca 
  (rumu) 
  ; 
  arracacha 
  or 
  rakacha; 
  tarwi; 
  frozen 
  

   but 
  undried 
  potatoes 
  (kachochufiu) 
  ; 
  aji 
  or 
  peppers 
  (uchu) 
  ; 
  various 
  

   species 
  of 
  rokoto; 
  calabashes; 
  "kochayuyu"; 
  "jatako"; 
  "zapallos"; 
  

   "llullucha"; 
  preserved 
  meat 
  (charki); 
  salted 
  meat 
  (chalona); 
  "achoj- 
  

   cha"; 
  "purutu"; 
  peanuts 
  (inchis); 
  "awaymantu" 
  or 
  "capuli"; 
  

   "lucma" 
  or 
  "ruku-uma"; 
  "tuna"; 
  "tumbo"; 
  "achira"; 
  "koncha", 
  or 
  

   "zetas"; 
  "winapu", 
  or 
  maize 
  prepared 
  for 
  manufacturing 
  chicha; 
  

   "chuchos"; 
  small 
  dried 
  fish 
  (chini) 
  ; 
  frogs 
  (kaira) 
  ; 
  edible 
  herbs 
  (yuyus) 
  ; 
  

   "paku"; 
  little 
  lumps 
  of 
  kaniwa 
  (kispifiu); 
  various 
  flours; 
  the 
  ash 
  of 
  

   the 
  quinoa 
  stem 
  (llipta) 
  ; 
  coca; 
  "pakay"; 
  papaws; 
  "sawintu"; 
  pepper; 
  

   plums; 
  etc. 
  From 
  among 
  those 
  introduced 
  by 
  the 
  Spaniards, 
  the 
  

   Indians 
  have 
  adopted 
  the 
  following, 
  which 
  are 
  now 
  the 
  object 
  of 
  

   commerce: 
  Wheat, 
  cooked 
  and 
  cracked 
  (trigop'ata) 
  ; 
  beans, 
  raw 
  and 
  

   roasted; 
  barley; 
  veal; 
  pork; 
  hens; 
  eggs; 
  garlic; 
  onions; 
  chickpeas; 
  

   wheat 
  bread; 
  apples; 
  peaches, 
  etc. 
  Merchandise 
  includes 
  a 
  special 
  

   line 
  of 
  pottery, 
  baize 
  or 
  coarse 
  cloth, 
  straw 
  mats, 
  hampers 
  or 
  rush 
  

  

  