﻿532 
  SOUTH 
  AMERICAN 
  INDIANS 
  [B. 
  A. 
  E. 
  Bull. 
  143 
  

  

  long 
  head 
  cloths 
  tied 
  on 
  with 
  textile 
  bands, 
  hoodlike 
  caps, 
  or, 
  under 
  

   Inca 
  influence, 
  a 
  hat 
  made 
  of 
  a 
  long 
  textile 
  strip, 
  which 
  was 
  rolled 
  and 
  

   tied 
  upon 
  the 
  head. 
  

  

  Ornaments. 
  — 
  Metal 
  earplugs 
  or 
  tubes 
  were 
  worn 
  by 
  men 
  of 
  the 
  

   aristocracy. 
  (See 
  Political 
  Organization, 
  p. 
  538.) 
  Labrets 
  and 
  nose 
  

   ornaments 
  seem 
  not 
  to 
  have 
  been 
  used. 
  Broad 
  bracelets 
  of 
  beaten 
  

   gold, 
  silver, 
  and 
  copper 
  were 
  employed, 
  probably 
  by 
  persons 
  of 
  rank. 
  

   A 
  wide 
  variety 
  of 
  metal 
  sequins, 
  ear 
  spatulae, 
  and 
  tweezers 
  are 
  found 
  

   archeologically, 
  most 
  of 
  which 
  seem 
  to 
  have 
  had 
  ornamental 
  value. 
  

   Few 
  necklaces 
  have 
  been 
  preserved 
  in 
  archeological 
  sites, 
  but 
  Bandelier 
  

   mentions 
  the 
  use 
  of 
  bone 
  and 
  shell 
  necklaces 
  in 
  parts 
  of 
  modern 
  Bolivia 
  

   (Bandelier, 
  1910, 
  p. 
  75). 
  Rings 
  are 
  worn 
  today, 
  but 
  may 
  not 
  be 
  

   aboriginal. 
  

  

  Tattooing 
  seems 
  not 
  to 
  have 
  been 
  employed; 
  face 
  painting 
  was 
  

   probably 
  confined 
  to 
  warriors. 
  Head 
  deformation 
  was 
  practiced 
  

   (Cieza 
  de 
  Leon, 
  1924, 
  p. 
  314), 
  and 
  pre-Conquest 
  crania 
  from 
  Asmara 
  

   territory 
  suggest 
  that 
  fronto-occipital 
  compression 
  was 
  general. 
  

  

  Hair 
  styles 
  varied 
  locally. 
  In 
  the 
  Lupaca 
  area, 
  men 
  and 
  women 
  

   wore 
  multiple 
  braids. 
  In 
  the 
  La 
  Paz 
  district, 
  men 
  wore 
  a 
  long, 
  plaited 
  

   pigtail, 
  augmented 
  with 
  false 
  hair 
  (Forbes, 
  1870, 
  pp. 
  14-15). 
  Depila- 
  

   tion 
  was 
  not 
  practiced. 
  

  

  Modern 
  dress. 
  — 
  Although 
  some 
  features 
  of 
  aboriginal 
  costume 
  

   survive 
  in 
  remote 
  regions, 
  dress 
  today 
  for 
  both 
  sexes 
  is 
  largely 
  Euro- 
  

   pean 
  (pi. 
  105, 
  top, 
  left). 
  Men 
  wear 
  homespun 
  suits 
  of 
  archaic 
  cut 
  and 
  

   long 
  ponchos, 
  while 
  women 
  wear 
  short 
  jackets, 
  full 
  skirts, 
  and 
  many 
  

   underskirts 
  (Peru) 
  ; 
  in 
  Bolivia, 
  women 
  wear 
  a 
  longer 
  single 
  skirt 
  (La 
  

   Barre, 
  ms.). 
  Men 
  wear 
  knitted 
  caps 
  under 
  home-made 
  felt 
  hats; 
  

   women 
  use 
  a 
  variety 
  of 
  archaic 
  Spanish 
  headgear, 
  although 
  a 
  felt 
  derby 
  

   of 
  native 
  manufacture 
  is 
  now 
  the 
  vogue. 
  The 
  sandal 
  cut 
  from 
  a 
  rub- 
  

   ber 
  tire 
  has 
  largely 
  replaced 
  that 
  made 
  of 
  hide. 
  Among 
  ornaments 
  

   are 
  metal, 
  spoon-shaped 
  pins 
  and 
  flowers 
  frequently 
  worn 
  on 
  festive 
  

   occasions. 
  

  

  Age 
  and 
  status 
  are 
  still 
  reflected 
  in 
  dress. 
  Male 
  infants 
  wear 
  white 
  

   caps; 
  female 
  babies 
  wear 
  red. 
  Small 
  children 
  use 
  wrap-around 
  skirts, 
  

   which 
  are 
  white 
  or 
  red 
  depending 
  upon 
  sex. 
  Unmarried 
  girls 
  wear 
  

   a 
  special 
  type 
  of 
  cap 
  and 
  skirt. 
  Young 
  men 
  wear 
  red 
  knitted 
  caps, 
  

   while 
  old 
  men 
  wear 
  white 
  ones. 
  

  

  TRANSPORTATION 
  

  

  Carrying 
  devices. 
  — 
  No 
  animals 
  are 
  characteristically 
  ridden 
  by 
  

   the 
  Aymara, 
  most 
  travel 
  and 
  transportation 
  being 
  by 
  foot 
  and 
  pref- 
  

   erably 
  at 
  night. 
  Women 
  carry 
  their 
  belongings 
  in 
  a 
  wide 
  shawl 
  or 
  in 
  a 
  

   large, 
  square 
  cloth 
  (awayu), 
  which 
  is 
  usually 
  plain 
  for 
  everyday 
  usage 
  

   and 
  decorated 
  for 
  fiestas. 
  In 
  making 
  up 
  this 
  bundle, 
  two 
  opposite 
  

  

  