﻿542 
  SOUTH 
  AMERICAN 
  INDIANS 
  [B. 
  A. 
  E. 
  Bull. 
  143 
  

  

  Ay 
  mar 
  a 
  differ 
  slightly, 
  but 
  appear 
  to 
  be 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  general 
  charac- 
  

   ter 
  (La 
  Barre, 
  ms.). 
  

  

  Kinship. 
  — 
  The 
  system 
  of 
  kinship 
  terminology 
  is 
  somewhat 
  obso- 
  

   lete 
  today; 
  personal 
  names 
  are 
  frequently 
  employed, 
  and 
  a 
  number 
  of 
  

   Spanish 
  relationship 
  terms 
  are 
  used. 
  The 
  Spanish 
  words 
  for 
  "uncle," 
  

   "aunt," 
  "cousin," 
  "niece," 
  and 
  "nephew" 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  those 
  for 
  "par- 
  

   ents-in-law" 
  and 
  "siblings-in-law" 
  have 
  largely 
  replaced 
  native 
  terms. 
  

   Judging 
  from 
  terms 
  given 
  in 
  Bertonio 
  (1879 
  b), 
  the 
  Aymara 
  kinship 
  

   system 
  appears 
  to 
  have 
  undergone 
  a 
  marked 
  simplification 
  since 
  early 
  

   in 
  the 
  17fch 
  century. 
  

  

  Although 
  Bertonio, 
  our 
  only 
  source 
  on 
  the 
  17th-century 
  kinship 
  

   terminology 
  of 
  the 
  Aymara, 
  does 
  not 
  give 
  a 
  complete 
  list 
  of 
  the 
  terms 
  

   in 
  use 
  in 
  his 
  time, 
  a 
  preliminary 
  analysis 
  indicates 
  that 
  the 
  following 
  

   system 
  was 
  employed: 
  Grandparents 
  and 
  their 
  siblings 
  were 
  desig- 
  

   nated 
  as 
  "grandfather" 
  and 
  "grandmother," 
  the 
  paternal 
  and 
  maternal 
  

   lines 
  not 
  being 
  differentiated 
  except 
  by 
  the 
  use 
  of 
  modifiers. 
  Great- 
  

   grandparents 
  were 
  designated 
  "grandfather's 
  father," 
  "grandfather's 
  

   mother," 
  etc. 
  All 
  grandchildren 
  were 
  designated 
  by 
  a 
  single 
  term 
  to 
  

   which 
  "boy" 
  or 
  "girl" 
  was 
  prefixed 
  for 
  clarity. 
  Great-grandchildren 
  

   were 
  designated 
  "grandchildren's 
  children." 
  

  

  A 
  special 
  term 
  classified 
  father 
  with 
  his 
  brothers 
  while 
  another 
  

   included 
  mother 
  and 
  her 
  sisters. 
  An 
  additional 
  term 
  differentiated 
  a 
  

   paternal 
  aunt 
  while 
  another 
  was 
  applied 
  to 
  a 
  maternal 
  uncle. 
  Chil- 
  

   dren 
  of 
  classificatory 
  "fathers" 
  were 
  called 
  "sister" 
  or 
  "brother," 
  and 
  

   their 
  children 
  were 
  designated 
  son 
  or 
  daughter. 
  It 
  is 
  probable 
  that 
  

   this 
  usage 
  prevailed 
  in 
  the 
  case 
  of 
  classificatory 
  "mothers." 
  Siblings 
  

   were 
  further 
  differentiated 
  in 
  regard 
  to 
  age 
  relative 
  to 
  the 
  speaker. 
  

   A 
  special 
  term 
  designated 
  "sister's 
  children," 
  man 
  speaking, 
  while 
  

   another 
  designated 
  "brother's 
  children," 
  woman 
  speaking. 
  Although 
  

   Bertonio 
  fails, 
  unfortunately, 
  to 
  give 
  the 
  terms 
  for 
  cross-cousins, 
  their 
  

   siblings 
  of 
  the 
  opposite 
  sex, 
  and 
  their 
  children, 
  such 
  terms 
  as 
  we 
  have 
  

   would 
  seem 
  to 
  indicate 
  conditions 
  appropriate 
  to 
  cross-cousin 
  marriage. 
  

  

  Among 
  affinal 
  relatives, 
  father-in-law, 
  mother-in-law, 
  brother-in- 
  

   law, 
  and 
  sister-in-law 
  were 
  designated 
  by 
  separate 
  terms, 
  woman 
  

   speaking. 
  A 
  man 
  applied 
  a 
  single 
  term 
  to 
  his 
  parents-in-law 
  and 
  

   brother-in-law, 
  although 
  he 
  called 
  his 
  sister-in-law 
  by 
  a 
  separate 
  

   term. 
  Separate 
  terms 
  designated 
  one's 
  brother's 
  wife 
  and 
  sister's 
  

   husband. 
  The 
  same 
  terms 
  for 
  a 
  son-in-law 
  and 
  daughter-in-law 
  were 
  

   used 
  by 
  both 
  sexes. 
  A 
  man 
  might 
  refer 
  to 
  all 
  of 
  his 
  wife's 
  relatives 
  by 
  

   a 
  single 
  term, 
  or 
  to 
  all 
  of 
  her 
  male 
  relatives 
  by 
  another. 
  

  

  The 
  family. 
  — 
  The 
  extended 
  family 
  is 
  the 
  basic 
  unit 
  in 
  Aymara 
  

   society 
  and 
  the 
  most 
  important 
  economic 
  group. 
  It 
  is 
  patrilineal 
  and 
  

   patrilocal. 
  Its 
  land 
  is 
  usually 
  separated 
  from 
  that 
  of 
  adjacent 
  families 
  

   by 
  a 
  wall. 
  Ordinarily, 
  within 
  the 
  extended 
  family 
  compound 
  five 
  a 
  

   man 
  and 
  his 
  brothers, 
  their 
  wives, 
  sons, 
  and 
  unmarried 
  daughters, 
  

  

  