﻿THE 
  URU-CHIPAYA 
  

  

  By 
  Weston 
  La 
  Barre 
  

  

  THE 
  URU 
  

   TRIBAL 
  DIVISIONS 
  AND 
  HISTORY 
  

  

  The 
  Uru 
  {Uro, 
  Huno, 
  Oehomazo, 
  Ochozuma, 
  Uchumi, 
  Kjotsuni, 
  

   Bukina, 
  Pukina, 
  Puquina, 
  Urocolla, 
  Uroquilla, 
  Yuraeare 
  (not 
  to 
  be 
  

   confused 
  with 
  eastern 
  Bolivian 
  Yuraeare), 
  Kiuchaeatati 
  or 
  "Big-livered 
  

   People," 
  and 
  Chancumankkeri 
  or 
  "Water-greens 
  Eaters," 
  the 
  last 
  two 
  

   opprobrious 
  Aymara 
  nicknames, 
  inhabit 
  the 
  region 
  of 
  Lake 
  Titicaca 
  

   and 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  watercourses 
  of 
  the 
  inter- 
  Andean 
  Plateau 
  (map 
  1, 
  

   No. 
  6; 
  map 
  4). 
  "Uro" 
  or 
  "uru" 
  seems 
  to 
  have 
  been 
  used 
  commonly 
  

   in 
  the 
  17th 
  century 
  to 
  mean 
  "dirty, 
  ragged, 
  rustic," 
  etc. 
  It 
  is 
  now 
  

   the 
  most 
  common 
  name 
  of 
  these 
  people. 
  They 
  call 
  their 
  language 
  

   Puquina. 
  

  

  The 
  Uru 
  language 
  has 
  no 
  connection 
  with 
  either 
  Quechua 
  or 
  Aymara. 
  

   It 
  is 
  probably 
  the 
  same, 
  however, 
  as 
  the 
  Puquina 
  of 
  the 
  17th 
  century 
  

   (Ore, 
  1607), 
  although 
  it 
  is 
  not 
  the 
  same 
  as 
  the 
  Puquina-Uro 
  of 
  De 
  la 
  

   Grasserie 
  (1894). 
  The 
  Puquina 
  spoken 
  by 
  the 
  Desaguadero 
  Uru 
  is 
  

   closely 
  related 
  to 
  the 
  Chipaya 
  of 
  Lake 
  Poopo, 
  and 
  Metraux 
  (1936 
  a) 
  

   therefore 
  established 
  an 
  Uro-Chipaya 
  family. 
  Rivet's 
  classification 
  of 
  

   Uru 
  as 
  Arawakan 
  has 
  not 
  been 
  widely 
  accepted 
  by 
  linguists. 
  We 
  con- 
  

   sider 
  Uro-Chipaya 
  to 
  be 
  an 
  independent 
  linguistic 
  family. 
  

  

  Uru 
  was 
  called 
  a 
  "lengua 
  general" 
  of 
  Peru 
  by 
  16th-century 
  writers 
  

   (the 
  "Relaciones 
  geograficas 
  de 
  Indias" 
  in 
  1582 
  calls 
  it 
  "one 
  of 
  the 
  

   three 
  general 
  languages 
  of 
  the 
  kingdom"), 
  although 
  its 
  known 
  dis- 
  

   tribution 
  at 
  a 
  later 
  date 
  was 
  confined 
  to 
  a 
  few 
  people 
  scattered 
  on 
  the 
  

   islands 
  of 
  Lake 
  Titicaca, 
  in 
  the 
  Rio 
  Desaguadero 
  swamps, 
  and 
  near 
  

   Lake 
  Poop6. 
  Vazquez 
  de 
  Espinosa 
  (1942) 
  found 
  Puquina 
  spoken 
  in 
  

   Sucre 
  and 
  Uru 
  settlements 
  in 
  the 
  Cochabamba 
  Valley. 
  Uru 
  evi- 
  

   dently 
  once 
  had 
  a 
  much 
  wider 
  distribution 
  than 
  in 
  recent 
  times. 
  

  

  The 
  Highland 
  Uru 
  all 
  now 
  speak 
  both 
  Aymara 
  and 
  Uru, 
  and 
  a 
  few 
  

   know 
  a 
  little 
  Spanish. 
  

  

  The 
  Uru 
  of 
  the 
  coast 
  of 
  Tarapaca 
  and 
  Tacna 
  arc 
  similar 
  culturally 
  

   to 
  the 
  Chango 
  and 
  are 
  sometimes 
  even 
  called 
  Chango. 
  They 
  are 
  said 
  

   to 
  be 
  descendants 
  of 
  the 
  Uru 
  of 
  Lake 
  Titicaca 
  sent 
  as 
  colonists 
  

   (mitimaes) 
  in 
  Inca 
  times. 
  But, 
  as 
  all 
  now 
  speak 
  Spanish 
  and 
  no 
  trace 
  

  

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  575 
  

  

  