﻿Vol.2] 
  THE 
  URU-CHIPAYA 
  — 
  LA 
  BARRE 
  581 
  

  

  metal 
  casting. 
  Some 
  of 
  the 
  pins 
  (tupus) 
  which 
  women 
  use 
  to 
  fasten 
  

   their 
  clothing 
  at 
  the 
  shoulder, 
  are 
  probably 
  generations 
  old, 
  perhaps 
  

   having 
  been 
  taken 
  from 
  chullpa 
  graves. 
  All 
  other 
  metal 
  objects 
  are 
  

   obtained 
  by 
  trade. 
  

  

  Pottery. 
  — 
  Although 
  not 
  now 
  made 
  at 
  Ancoaqui, 
  pottery 
  was 
  

   formerly 
  produced 
  in 
  simple 
  styles: 
  a 
  plain 
  reddish, 
  round-bodied 
  

   olla 
  with 
  a 
  narrow 
  neck 
  and 
  handle, 
  and 
  a 
  large, 
  crude 
  hemispherical 
  

   bowl 
  with 
  a 
  bent-out 
  lip 
  and 
  two 
  loop 
  handles. 
  

  

  Stonework. 
  — 
  Metates, 
  mullers, 
  and 
  hammers 
  made 
  of 
  a 
  round 
  

   stone 
  lashed 
  with 
  rawhide 
  to 
  a 
  stick, 
  the 
  small 
  hand 
  stones 
  of 
  bolas, 
  

   and 
  fish-net 
  sinkers 
  are 
  the 
  only 
  objects 
  made 
  of 
  stone. 
  

  

  Woodworking. 
  — 
  Weaving 
  frames, 
  distaffs 
  and 
  spindles, 
  balsa 
  poles, 
  

   spear 
  handles, 
  hooks 
  for 
  tightening 
  balsa 
  lashings, 
  and 
  a 
  few 
  other 
  

   articles 
  compose 
  the 
  list 
  of 
  wooden 
  objects. 
  Wood 
  is 
  a 
  valuable 
  sub- 
  

   stance 
  in 
  this 
  treeless 
  region, 
  procurable 
  only 
  by 
  trade 
  or 
  travel 
  to 
  

   the 
  yungas. 
  

  

  Musical 
  instruments. 
  — 
  All 
  Uru 
  musical 
  instruments 
  are 
  duplicates 
  

   of 
  those 
  of 
  the 
  Aymara: 
  the 
  open-ended 
  flutes 
  (palawatu, 
  kena, 
  

   pusipia, 
  and 
  kenakena), 
  flageolets 
  (kena 
  mari-macho, 
  koiko, 
  pinkilu, 
  

   and 
  tarka), 
  double 
  panpipes, 
  i.e., 
  in 
  two 
  graduated 
  rows 
  (siku, 
  siku- 
  

   choklo), 
  and 
  the 
  drum. 
  No 
  stringed 
  instruments 
  are 
  present 
  except 
  

   the 
  armadillo-carapace 
  ukelele 
  or 
  charanga. 
  

  

  ECONOMICS 
  

  

  The 
  only 
  Uru 
  articles 
  of 
  commerce 
  are 
  dried 
  and 
  salted 
  fish, 
  balsas, 
  

   and 
  the 
  large 
  totora 
  reed 
  mats 
  which 
  they 
  make 
  for 
  Bolivian 
  cholo 
  

   huts. 
  They 
  exchange 
  these 
  for 
  frozen 
  and 
  dried 
  potatoes 
  (chunu), 
  

   coca, 
  thread 
  to 
  make 
  nets, 
  quinoa, 
  wooden 
  poles, 
  metal 
  objects, 
  and 
  

   other 
  indispensable 
  goods 
  like 
  medicines 
  and 
  dyes. 
  

  

  The 
  sexual 
  division 
  of 
  labor 
  is 
  simple: 
  men 
  fish, 
  hunt, 
  make 
  and 
  

   repair 
  nets, 
  and 
  manufacture 
  balsas, 
  mats, 
  musical 
  instruments, 
  and 
  

   their 
  own 
  tools; 
  women 
  spin 
  and 
  weave 
  llama 
  wool, 
  cook, 
  and 
  make 
  

   baskets 
  and, 
  formerly, 
  pottery. 
  Women 
  trade 
  all 
  goods 
  except 
  balsas. 
  

  

  SOCIAL 
  AND 
  POLITICAL 
  ORGANIZATION 
  

  

  Not 
  much 
  remains 
  of 
  pre-Columbian 
  Uru 
  social 
  structure, 
  for 
  a 
  

   scattered 
  and 
  diminishing 
  population 
  has 
  not 
  been 
  able 
  to 
  preserve 
  it 
  

   functioning. 
  The 
  Uru 
  are 
  grouped 
  into 
  ayllus, 
  named 
  Titicana, 
  

   Konko, 
  Kama, 
  and 
  Kuipa, 
  and 
  their 
  territory 
  is 
  physically 
  divided 
  

   into 
  nonexogamous 
  moieties: 
  ti 
  achai 
  (corresponding 
  to 
  Inca 
  anan- 
  

   saya), 
  and 
  xanacha 
  (Inca 
  mana-saya). 
  The 
  kinship 
  system 
  is 
  frag- 
  

   mentary, 
  and 
  highly 
  descriptive 
  in 
  its 
  present, 
  perhaps, 
  degenerate 
  

   form. 
  It 
  is 
  apparently 
  a 
  bilateral 
  system 
  which 
  does 
  not 
  distinguish 
  

   between 
  paternal 
  and 
  maternal 
  uncle, 
  or 
  aunt, 
  or 
  grandparent. 
  Like 
  

  

  