﻿594 
  SOUTH 
  AMERICAN 
  INDIANS 
  [B. 
  A. 
  B. 
  Bull. 
  143 
  

  

  Peril 
  will 
  be 
  needed 
  to 
  clarify 
  the 
  problem. 
  Also, 
  the 
  possibility 
  of 
  a 
  

   preagricultural 
  population 
  in 
  the 
  same 
  interior 
  area 
  should 
  be 
  con- 
  

   sidered, 
  though 
  we 
  have 
  no 
  evidence 
  that 
  one 
  existed. 
  

  

  At 
  Caldera, 
  we 
  find 
  the 
  northernmost 
  evidence 
  of 
  the 
  Chilean 
  Dia- 
  

   guita 
  culture, 
  described 
  elsewhere 
  (this 
  volume, 
  pp. 
  633-636). 
  At- 
  

   tempts 
  to 
  locate 
  middens 
  which 
  might 
  fix 
  the 
  relationship 
  of 
  the 
  

   Diaguita 
  culture 
  to 
  the 
  Coastal 
  chronology 
  have 
  so 
  far 
  had 
  negative 
  

   results. 
  The 
  lack 
  of 
  strong 
  motives 
  for 
  continuous 
  occupation 
  of 
  

   particular 
  sites 
  and 
  the 
  extent 
  of 
  arable 
  land 
  in 
  the 
  Diaguita 
  area 
  

   resulted 
  in 
  the 
  scattering 
  of 
  refuse. 
  Eecent 
  work 
  suggests 
  that 
  the 
  

   evolution 
  of 
  the 
  phases 
  of 
  Diaguita 
  ceramic 
  decoration 
  was 
  a 
  rapid 
  

   process, 
  and 
  that 
  prior 
  to 
  the 
  Diaguita, 
  at 
  least, 
  in 
  and 
  at 
  the 
  mouth 
  

   of 
  the 
  Elqui 
  Valley, 
  there 
  existed 
  a 
  distinct 
  and 
  advanced 
  culture. 
  

  

  Burials 
  have 
  yielded 
  a 
  distinctive 
  polished 
  gray-brown-to-black 
  ware 
  

   associated 
  with 
  ornaments 
  of 
  copper, 
  T-shaped 
  stone 
  pipes, 
  and 
  beau- 
  

   tifully 
  finished 
  stone 
  labrets 
  (Comely, 
  1940). 
  Similar 
  pipes 
  have 
  been 
  

   found 
  as 
  far 
  north 
  as 
  the 
  Kfo 
  Loa 
  and 
  a 
  jar 
  of 
  this 
  type 
  as 
  far 
  south 
  as 
  

   Valparaiso, 
  but 
  more 
  specific 
  data 
  are 
  not 
  available. 
  

  

  Along 
  the 
  Coast 
  north 
  and 
  south 
  of 
  Coquimbo, 
  sherds 
  of 
  the 
  Elqui 
  

   Valley 
  ware, 
  some 
  with 
  finely 
  incised 
  geometric 
  designs, 
  are 
  scattered 
  

   more 
  widely 
  than 
  the 
  painted 
  Diaguita 
  pieces. 
  Exact 
  relationship 
  of 
  

   the 
  two 
  is 
  not 
  yet 
  fully 
  established. 
  In 
  one 
  site 
  with 
  extremely 
  shal- 
  

   low 
  refuse, 
  they 
  occur 
  together, 
  although 
  other 
  work 
  gives 
  reason 
  to 
  

   believe 
  that 
  the 
  polished 
  ware 
  is 
  slightly 
  older. 
  Here, 
  as 
  at 
  Arica, 
  per- 
  

   cussion-flaked 
  stone 
  tools, 
  which 
  continued 
  in 
  use 
  to 
  a 
  late 
  date, 
  occur 
  

   with 
  late 
  Diaguita 
  sherds. 
  

  

  A 
  noteworthy 
  feature 
  of 
  the 
  pre-Spanish 
  culture 
  of 
  the 
  Coast 
  of 
  

   North 
  Chile 
  and 
  probably 
  of 
  all 
  Chile 
  is 
  the 
  complete 
  absence 
  of 
  evi- 
  

   dence 
  indicating 
  the 
  use 
  of 
  nets 
  for 
  fishing, 
  despite 
  unsupported 
  state- 
  

   ments 
  to 
  the 
  contrary 
  in 
  the 
  literature. 
  Today, 
  however, 
  net 
  fishing 
  

   is 
  commonly 
  practiced. 
  

  

  BIBLIOGRAPHY 
  

  

  Bird, 
  1938, 
  1943; 
  Capdeville, 
  1921-22, 
  1923; 
  Comely, 
  1936 
  a, 
  1936 
  b, 
  1940; 
  

   Kroeber, 
  1944; 
  Latcham, 
  1915 
  a, 
  1928 
  a, 
  1930, 
  1932, 
  1936 
  a, 
  1936 
  b, 
  1936 
  c, 
  1938 
  a, 
  

   1938 
  b, 
  1939; 
  Strube, 
  n. 
  d.; 
  Looser, 
  1926, 
  1929, 
  1930; 
  Oyarziin, 
  1910, 
  1916; 
  Uhle, 
  

   1916, 
  1922 
  c. 
  

  

  