﻿Vol.2] 
  THE 
  ATACAMENO 
  BENNETT 
  605 
  

  

  the 
  Araucanian 
  and 
  Diaguita 
  and 
  the 
  Central 
  Andean 
  cultures. 
  It 
  

   appears 
  at 
  present 
  as 
  if 
  a 
  basic 
  Atacameno 
  culture 
  persisted 
  over 
  a 
  long 
  

   period 
  of 
  time, 
  and 
  that 
  significant 
  changes 
  were 
  due 
  largely 
  to 
  trade 
  

   with 
  neighboring 
  cultures. 
  Thus, 
  there 
  is 
  an 
  excellent 
  opportunity 
  

   to 
  make 
  a 
  careful 
  archeological 
  study 
  of 
  cultural 
  change 
  caused 
  by 
  

   trade 
  contacts. 
  The 
  Atacameno 
  region 
  is 
  rich 
  in 
  remains, 
  and 
  the 
  

   preservation 
  is 
  superb 
  so 
  that 
  many 
  studies 
  of 
  a 
  detailed 
  nature 
  can 
  

   still 
  be 
  made 
  of 
  the 
  materials 
  themselves. 
  

  

  SOURCES 
  

  

  Many 
  monographs 
  and 
  numerous 
  short 
  papers 
  have 
  been 
  published 
  

   on 
  Atacameno 
  archeology. 
  A 
  few 
  selected 
  sources 
  are 
  given 
  here 
  which 
  

   cover 
  the 
  major 
  areas 
  and 
  topics. 
  

  

  Many 
  studies 
  have 
  been 
  made 
  of 
  the 
  geography 
  of 
  North 
  Chile 
  and 
  

   Northwest 
  Argentina, 
  but 
  a 
  concise 
  and 
  quite 
  comprehensive 
  picture 
  

   is 
  presented 
  by 
  Bird 
  (1943), 
  Bowman 
  (1924), 
  and 
  James 
  (1942). 
  

  

  The 
  limited 
  studies 
  which 
  have 
  been 
  made 
  of 
  the 
  Atacameno 
  

   language 
  are 
  summed 
  up 
  by 
  Schuller 
  (1908) 
  and 
  Vaisse, 
  Hoyas, 
  and 
  

   Echeverria 
  (1895). 
  

  

  The 
  archeology 
  of 
  North 
  Chile 
  and 
  many 
  illustrations 
  of 
  Atacameno 
  

   materials 
  can 
  be 
  found 
  in 
  Bird 
  (1943), 
  Brand 
  (1941 
  b), 
  Crequi-Mont- 
  

   fort 
  (1906), 
  Guevara 
  (1929), 
  Latcham 
  (1936 
  a, 
  1936 
  b, 
  1938 
  a), 
  

   Montell 
  (1926), 
  Kyden 
  (1944), 
  and 
  Uhle 
  (1913 
  c, 
  1919). 
  

  

  For 
  Northwest 
  Argentina 
  some 
  special 
  studies 
  pertinent 
  to 
  the 
  

   Atacameno 
  problem 
  have 
  been 
  made 
  by 
  Ambrosetti 
  (1902 
  b, 
  1907-08), 
  

   Bowman 
  (1908), 
  Casanova 
  (1938), 
  Debenedetti 
  (1912), 
  Rosen 
  (1924), 
  

   Serrano 
  (1930), 
  and 
  Vignati 
  (1931). 
  

  

  The 
  problem 
  of 
  the 
  Chmchsi-Atacameno 
  style 
  has 
  been 
  treated 
  in 
  

   a 
  number 
  of 
  the 
  sources 
  mentioned 
  above, 
  but 
  a 
  resume 
  discussion 
  

   may 
  be 
  found 
  in 
  M6traux 
  (1930 
  a). 
  

  

  Detailed 
  studies 
  of 
  special 
  topics 
  include 
  reports 
  on 
  basketry 
  by 
  

   Oyarzun 
  (1930), 
  on 
  metallurgy 
  by 
  Latcham 
  (1936 
  c), 
  and 
  on 
  ceramics 
  

   by 
  Latcham 
  (1928 
  b). 
  

  

  LANGUAGE 
  

  

  The 
  Atacameno 
  spoke 
  a 
  language 
  generally 
  known 
  as 
  Kunza, 
  

   sometimes 
  called 
  Likan-antai. 
  In 
  fact, 
  the 
  term 
  Likana 
  is 
  occasionally 
  

   used 
  to 
  designate 
  the 
  total 
  Atacameno 
  area. 
  Kunza 
  was 
  spoken 
  up 
  to 
  

   the 
  end 
  of 
  the 
  last 
  century 
  and 
  may 
  still 
  survive 
  in 
  isolated 
  spots 
  in 
  

   the 
  Puna 
  de 
  Jujuy. 
  No 
  thorough 
  study 
  of 
  this 
  language 
  has 
  ever 
  been 
  

   made, 
  but 
  Vaisse, 
  Hoyas, 
  and 
  Echeverria 
  (1895) 
  assembled 
  all 
  the 
  

   early 
  19th-century 
  sources 
  into 
  a 
  limited 
  vocabulary 
  of 
  1,100 
  words. 
  

   Some 
  additions 
  to 
  this 
  have 
  been 
  made 
  on 
  the 
  basis 
  of 
  place 
  names. 
  

   The 
  Kunza 
  language 
  is 
  distinct 
  from 
  both 
  Quechua 
  and 
  Aymara, 
  and 
  

   although 
  some 
  authors 
  have 
  suggested 
  a 
  possible 
  relationship 
  with 
  the 
  

  

  