﻿610 
  SOUTH 
  AMERICAN 
  INDIANS 
  [B. 
  A. 
  E. 
  Bull. 
  143 
  

  

  vault 
  is 
  of 
  interest 
  because 
  of 
  its 
  resemblance 
  to 
  a 
  type 
  of 
  family 
  

   mausoleum 
  which 
  is 
  still 
  utilized 
  today. 
  Both 
  in 
  the 
  Rio 
  Loa 
  region 
  

   and 
  on 
  the 
  Puna 
  de 
  Jujuy, 
  the 
  Inca 
  Period 
  is 
  represented 
  by 
  stone- 
  

   lined 
  chambers 
  in 
  true 
  burial 
  mounds. 
  

  

  Mummies. 
  — 
  In 
  all 
  the 
  North 
  Chile 
  archeological 
  periods, 
  consid- 
  

   erable 
  attention 
  was 
  paid 
  to 
  the 
  preparation 
  of 
  the 
  corpse 
  before 
  inter- 
  

   ment. 
  The 
  most 
  elaborate 
  mummies 
  are 
  those 
  of 
  infants 
  which 
  have 
  

   been 
  found 
  at 
  Coastal 
  sites, 
  in 
  periods 
  which 
  apparently 
  precede 
  the 
  

   formation 
  of 
  the 
  true 
  Atacameno 
  pattern. 
  In 
  these, 
  the 
  body 
  viscera 
  

   were 
  removed, 
  and 
  the 
  interior 
  cavity 
  stuffed 
  with 
  grass 
  or 
  other 
  mate- 
  

   rial. 
  Various 
  sticks 
  were 
  inserted 
  to 
  give 
  greater 
  rigidity 
  to 
  the 
  body, 
  

   which 
  was 
  then 
  covered 
  with 
  a 
  thick 
  coating 
  of 
  clay 
  and 
  painted. 
  In 
  

   the 
  true 
  Atacameno 
  Periods, 
  the 
  bodies 
  were 
  flexed 
  and 
  wrapped 
  with 
  

   cloth. 
  The 
  blankets, 
  shirts, 
  belts, 
  and 
  tunics 
  worn 
  in 
  everyday 
  life 
  

   were 
  placed 
  on 
  the 
  corpse, 
  and 
  the 
  hair, 
  at 
  least 
  of 
  females, 
  was 
  done 
  up 
  

   in 
  small 
  braids. 
  Everywhere, 
  multiple 
  burials 
  were 
  common. 
  

  

  Grave 
  furniture. 
  — 
  The 
  grave 
  furniture 
  was 
  reasonably 
  abundant, 
  

   particularly 
  in 
  nonceramic 
  artifacts. 
  Frequently, 
  miniature 
  copies 
  of 
  

   artifacts 
  were 
  especially 
  made 
  for 
  burial 
  purposes. 
  

  

  MANUFACTURES 
  

  

  Owing 
  to 
  the 
  excessive 
  dryness 
  of 
  much 
  of 
  this 
  area, 
  even 
  normally 
  

   perishable 
  objects 
  are 
  often 
  preserved, 
  and, 
  consequently, 
  the 
  collec- 
  

   tions 
  of 
  manufactured 
  objects 
  are 
  unusually 
  rich 
  and 
  varied. 
  Influ- 
  

   ences 
  from 
  neighboring 
  cultures 
  with 
  which 
  the 
  Atacameno 
  were 
  in 
  

   contact 
  are 
  clearly 
  reflected 
  in 
  the 
  various 
  crafts, 
  in 
  some 
  instances 
  so 
  

   much 
  so 
  that 
  the 
  determination 
  of 
  the 
  indigenous 
  Atacameno 
  pattern 
  

   is 
  difficult. 
  In 
  general, 
  wooden 
  artifacts 
  present 
  the 
  most 
  distinctive 
  

   characteristics, 
  both 
  in 
  variety 
  and 
  skill 
  of 
  manufacture, 
  but 
  certain 
  

   distinguishing 
  features 
  are 
  found 
  in 
  each 
  of 
  the 
  major 
  crafts. 
  In 
  this 
  

   review, 
  the 
  artifacts 
  described 
  in 
  the 
  published 
  reports 
  and 
  represented 
  

   in 
  museum 
  collections 
  are 
  summarized 
  under 
  10 
  major 
  headings. 
  

  

  Ceramics. 
  — 
  Pottery 
  is 
  found 
  in 
  reasonable 
  quantity 
  in 
  all 
  the 
  

   Atacameno 
  Periods. 
  In 
  the 
  North 
  Chile 
  area, 
  some 
  authors 
  credit 
  the 
  

   introduction 
  of 
  ceramics 
  to 
  Tiahuanaco 
  influence, 
  but 
  this 
  view 
  is 
  not 
  

   confirmed 
  by 
  the 
  finds 
  at 
  La 
  Pay 
  a 
  in 
  Northwest 
  Argentina. 
  Further- 
  

   more, 
  the 
  recent 
  excavators 
  on 
  the 
  North 
  Coast 
  of 
  Chile 
  place 
  the 
  

   Tiahuanaco 
  style 
  in 
  a 
  comparatively 
  late 
  position 
  and 
  make 
  it 
  clear 
  

   that 
  certain 
  ceramic 
  groups 
  antedate 
  it. 
  For 
  example, 
  the 
  earliest 
  

   ceramics 
  found 
  by 
  Bird 
  (1943 
  and 
  this 
  volume, 
  p. 
  587) 
  at 
  the 
  Coast 
  

   site 
  of 
  Pichalo 
  show 
  no 
  Tiahuanaco 
  influence 
  and, 
  for 
  that 
  matter, 
  

   have 
  little 
  resemblance 
  to 
  the 
  so-called 
  Atacameno 
  style 
  in 
  spite 
  of 
  the 
  

   fact 
  that 
  a 
  few 
  nonceramic 
  artifacts 
  of 
  this 
  culture 
  are 
  associated. 
  

   Plain, 
  undecorated, 
  open 
  bowls, 
  characterized 
  by 
  thick 
  rims, 
  are 
  

  

  