﻿Vol.2] 
  THE 
  ATACAMENO 
  BENNETT 
  615 
  

  

  fibers 
  were 
  used 
  in 
  weaving. 
  The 
  natural 
  selected 
  colors 
  of 
  the 
  wool 
  

   were 
  utilized 
  and, 
  rarely, 
  the 
  fibers 
  were 
  dyed 
  blue, 
  green, 
  yellow, 
  or 
  

   red. 
  Warp 
  face, 
  or 
  repp, 
  and 
  warp 
  pattern 
  are 
  the 
  commonest 
  tech- 
  

   niques, 
  but 
  there 
  are 
  also 
  some 
  simple 
  embroidered 
  bands, 
  round 
  

   braids, 
  and 
  velvet 
  or 
  pile 
  knot 
  techniques. 
  Among 
  the 
  principal 
  

   woven 
  objects 
  are 
  long 
  belts 
  with 
  double-face 
  warp 
  pattern 
  designs, 
  

   rectangular 
  blankets 
  of 
  thick 
  material, 
  ponchos, 
  and 
  shirts 
  like 
  nar- 
  

   row 
  ponchos 
  with 
  the 
  sides 
  sewn 
  except 
  for 
  the 
  arm 
  slits. 
  The 
  shirts 
  

   are 
  both 
  sleeveless 
  and 
  with 
  short 
  sleeves, 
  the 
  latter 
  probably 
  slightly 
  

   later 
  in 
  time. 
  Other 
  common 
  objects 
  are 
  small 
  bags, 
  decorated 
  in 
  

   warp 
  pattern 
  technique, 
  hemispherical 
  hats 
  with 
  velvet 
  designs, 
  and 
  

   slings 
  of 
  wrapped 
  weave, 
  slit 
  in 
  the 
  center, 
  and 
  with 
  round 
  braid 
  

   cordage 
  in 
  each 
  end. 
  

  

  Leatherwork. 
  — 
  Extensive 
  use 
  was 
  made 
  of 
  skins 
  and 
  leatherwork. 
  

   (See 
  pi. 
  134.) 
  Kawhide 
  cords 
  are 
  common, 
  and 
  as 
  many 
  as 
  six 
  strands 
  

   have 
  been 
  twisted 
  into 
  thick 
  cables. 
  Sandals 
  are 
  made 
  of 
  cut-out 
  

   soles, 
  either 
  single 
  or 
  double, 
  with 
  holes 
  for 
  the 
  lacing 
  straps 
  which 
  

   went 
  over 
  the 
  toes 
  and 
  around 
  the 
  heel. 
  Leather 
  shirts 
  are 
  cut 
  from 
  

   well-tanned 
  guanaco 
  or 
  vicuna 
  skins, 
  some 
  with 
  the 
  hair 
  left 
  on. 
  

   Light 
  patches 
  are 
  sewn 
  on 
  the 
  black 
  skin 
  for 
  decoration. 
  Some 
  of 
  

   the 
  thicker 
  leather 
  shirts, 
  long 
  enough 
  to 
  protect 
  the 
  chest 
  and 
  the 
  back, 
  

   probably 
  served 
  as 
  armor. 
  Skins 
  of 
  pelicans 
  and 
  other 
  birds 
  are 
  sewn 
  

   together 
  as 
  capes. 
  Caps 
  are 
  made 
  not 
  only 
  of 
  bird 
  skins 
  but 
  also 
  of 
  

   viscacha, 
  chinchilla, 
  and 
  otter. 
  

  

  Small 
  leather 
  bags 
  for 
  paint 
  or 
  lime 
  are 
  characteristic 
  of 
  the 
  Ata- 
  

   cameno. 
  Some 
  of 
  these 
  are 
  made 
  of 
  a 
  circular 
  piece 
  of 
  tanned 
  leather 
  

   bunched 
  into 
  a 
  bag 
  and 
  tied. 
  Others 
  are 
  unaltered 
  animal 
  scro 
  turns 
  

   (pi. 
  133, 
  c). 
  The 
  arrow 
  quivers 
  are 
  made 
  from 
  a 
  section 
  of 
  animal 
  leg 
  

   skin, 
  sewn 
  at 
  the 
  bottom 
  only, 
  with 
  a 
  carrying 
  strap 
  attached. 
  The 
  

   hair 
  is 
  generally 
  not 
  removed 
  from 
  these. 
  Leatherwork 
  is 
  also 
  em- 
  

   ployed 
  in 
  making 
  the 
  tops 
  of 
  the 
  boxes 
  and 
  the 
  wrappings 
  for 
  the 
  

   so-called 
  "prayer 
  books" 
  mentioned 
  under 
  Wooden 
  Objects 
  (p. 
  614). 
  

   Kough 
  pieces 
  of 
  leather 
  served 
  as 
  bags 
  for 
  collecting 
  copper 
  ore. 
  In 
  

   one 
  collection, 
  a 
  leather 
  mask 
  is 
  adorned 
  with 
  teeth 
  and 
  crossed 
  fangs 
  

   of 
  bone 
  (pi. 
  134, 
  r). 
  Short 
  reed 
  sticks 
  have 
  modeled 
  leather 
  animal 
  

   heads 
  on 
  one 
  end, 
  and 
  may 
  well 
  have 
  been 
  used 
  by 
  shamans. 
  

  

  Metallurgy. 
  — 
  Copper 
  is 
  the 
  principal 
  metal 
  (pi. 
  134, 
  j-m), 
  although 
  

   objects 
  of 
  gold 
  and 
  silver 
  are 
  also 
  found. 
  In 
  the 
  Late 
  Periods, 
  tin 
  is 
  

   added 
  to 
  the 
  copper 
  to 
  form 
  bronze. 
  The 
  large 
  surface 
  copper 
  de- 
  

   posits 
  in 
  North 
  Chile 
  had 
  undoubtedly 
  been 
  utilized 
  by 
  the 
  Indians 
  for 
  

   a 
  long 
  time, 
  and 
  remains 
  of 
  primitive 
  smelters 
  have 
  been 
  uncovered. 
  

   It 
  is 
  difficult 
  to 
  distinguish 
  Atacameno 
  metal 
  objects. 
  Although 
  

   the 
  collections 
  present 
  a 
  great 
  variety 
  of 
  pieces, 
  most 
  of 
  them 
  are 
  of 
  

   types 
  generally 
  considered 
  characteristic 
  of 
  Diaguita 
  or 
  Inca 
  workman- 
  

   ship. 
  This 
  similarity 
  may 
  have 
  resulted 
  from 
  strong 
  Diaguita 
  and 
  

  

  