﻿626 
  

  

  SOUTH 
  AMERICAN 
  INDIANS 
  

  

  [B. 
  A. 
  E. 
  Bull. 
  143 
  

  

  pipes, 
  tablets, 
  etc. 
  Stone, 
  bone, 
  and 
  mollusk 
  shells, 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  last 
  

   from 
  the 
  Pacific 
  Ocean, 
  were 
  also 
  used 
  for 
  tools 
  and 
  ornaments. 
  

  

  POLITICAL 
  ORGANIZATION 
  

  

  We 
  know 
  only 
  that 
  there 
  were 
  several 
  tribes, 
  each 
  with 
  its 
  own 
  chief 
  

   (cacique) 
  and 
  that 
  the 
  tribes 
  united 
  in 
  times 
  of 
  common 
  danger, 
  when 
  

   certain 
  chiefs 
  dominated 
  an 
  entire 
  region. 
  Thus, 
  Viltipoco 
  ruled 
  the 
  

   Quebrada, 
  and, 
  with 
  his 
  allies, 
  threatened 
  the 
  Spanish 
  Conquest. 
  

  

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  — 
  tt 
  

  

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  A 
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  IJIMMIIJ 
  

  

  Figure 
  54. 
  — 
  Calabashes 
  used 
  as 
  receptacles 
  on 
  the 
  Puna. 
  Ornamented 
  with 
  

   pyrograved 
  geometric 
  motifs. 
  (Calabashes 
  are 
  one-half 
  actual 
  size 
  and 
  the 
  

   bands 
  of 
  ornamentation 
  are 
  actual 
  size.) 
  (Courtesy 
  Museo 
  Argentino 
  de 
  

   Ciencias 
  Naturales.) 
  

  

  