﻿660 
  SOUTH 
  AMERICAN 
  INDIANS 
  [B. 
  A. 
  E. 
  Bull. 
  143 
  

  

  SOCIAL 
  AND 
  RELIGIOUS 
  CULTURE 
  

  

  Social 
  organization 
  and 
  religion 
  are 
  not 
  mentioned 
  in 
  the 
  historical 
  

   sources. 
  

  

  BURIAL 
  

  

  Archeology 
  shows 
  secondary 
  burial 
  of 
  adults 
  and 
  infants 
  in 
  large, 
  

   crude 
  undecorated 
  urns, 
  an 
  Amazonian 
  trait, 
  and 
  secondary 
  burial 
  of 
  

   adults 
  directly 
  in 
  the 
  ground. 
  These 
  urns, 
  unlike 
  the 
  special 
  Cal- 
  

   chagui 
  vessels, 
  were 
  common 
  jars, 
  which 
  were 
  not 
  made 
  for 
  burial 
  

   purposes. 
  They 
  were 
  covered, 
  not 
  with 
  elaborate, 
  painted 
  pucos 
  in 
  

   the 
  Diaguita 
  fashion, 
  but 
  with 
  any 
  piece 
  of 
  pottery, 
  the 
  convex 
  side 
  

   being 
  adjusted 
  to 
  the 
  mouth 
  of 
  the 
  urn. 
  

  

  The 
  secondary 
  inhumations 
  of 
  adults 
  were 
  placed 
  in 
  the 
  natural 
  

   mounds 
  previously 
  described. 
  Burials 
  in 
  other 
  kinds 
  of 
  sites 
  are 
  rare, 
  

   and 
  are 
  always 
  in 
  special 
  burial 
  urns. 
  These 
  urns 
  are 
  large 
  and 
  glob- 
  

   ular 
  with 
  a 
  conical 
  base 
  and 
  a 
  rather 
  small 
  mouth, 
  and 
  are 
  covered 
  

   with 
  a 
  big 
  inverted 
  puco. 
  The 
  cultural 
  material 
  is 
  found 
  inside 
  the 
  urns, 
  

   including 
  fragments 
  of 
  pottery, 
  bones 
  used 
  for 
  food, 
  and 
  charcoal. 
  In 
  

   the 
  direct 
  inhumations, 
  skeletons 
  are 
  oriented 
  west 
  and 
  east, 
  and 
  in 
  

   two 
  different 
  postures. 
  In 
  the 
  first, 
  the 
  body 
  is 
  placed 
  on 
  its 
  left 
  

   or 
  right 
  side, 
  the 
  head 
  toward 
  the 
  east, 
  and 
  the 
  legs 
  extended 
  or 
  in 
  a 
  

   forced 
  flexed 
  position, 
  which 
  suggests 
  that 
  they 
  were 
  tied. 
  The 
  other 
  

   position 
  is 
  semiraised 
  with 
  the 
  occiput, 
  the 
  upper 
  vertebrae, 
  and 
  the 
  

   superior 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  back 
  to 
  the 
  east, 
  the 
  legs 
  flexed, 
  the 
  arms 
  open, 
  

   and 
  the 
  body 
  supported 
  on 
  the 
  elbows, 
  as 
  if 
  the 
  corpse 
  were 
  about 
  

   to 
  rise. 
  

  

  BIBLIOGRAPHY 
  

  

  Ambrosetti, 
  1901, 
  Ameghino, 
  1880; 
  Bdrzana 
  (Barcena), 
  1885; 
  Burmeister, 
  1876; 
  

   1934, 
  Frengueli, 
  1940; 
  Lizarraga, 
  1909 
  a; 
  Marquez 
  Miranda, 
  1936, 
  1940, 
  1942; 
  

   Moreno, 
  1882; 
  Palavecino, 
  1940; 
  Serrano, 
  1938; 
  Ten 
  Kate, 
  1896; 
  Wagner, 
  E. 
  and 
  

   D., 
  1934, 
  1936. 
  

  

  