﻿692 
  SOUTH 
  AMERICAN 
  INDIANS 
  [B. 
  A. 
  E. 
  Bull. 
  143 
  

  

  between 
  Corcovado 
  Gulf 
  and 
  Cape 
  Tres 
  Montes 
  are 
  called 
  "Huillis," 
  

   while 
  Falkner 
  used 
  Pichi 
  ("Small-bodied") 
  Huilliche 
  for 
  the 
  Araucan- 
  

   ians 
  from 
  Valdivia 
  to 
  the 
  Sea 
  of 
  Chiloe, 
  and 
  Vuta 
  ("Large-bodied") 
  

   Huilliche 
  for 
  the 
  Indians 
  on 
  both 
  sides 
  of 
  the 
  Cordillera 
  from 
  Chiloe 
  

   to 
  the 
  Strait 
  of 
  Magellan 
  (Cooper, 
  1917, 
  pp. 
  30-32). 
  (On 
  use 
  of 
  

   "Huilliche" 
  for 
  Argentine 
  Araucanians, 
  cf. 
  infra.) 
  

  

  The 
  Cunco 
  (syn.: 
  Junco; 
  in 
  forms 
  such 
  as 
  Guinchi, 
  Cunches, 
  and 
  

   Cunchi 
  (pi.) 
  and 
  Kuncho, 
  as 
  used 
  by 
  Molina, 
  who 
  followed 
  Italian 
  

   orthography, 
  or 
  as 
  derived 
  from 
  him, 
  ch 
  = 
  k; 
  etymology 
  uncertain) 
  

   occupied 
  the 
  western 
  third 
  of 
  half 
  of 
  the 
  Chilean 
  mainland 
  from 
  

   Valdivia 
  or 
  the 
  Bueno 
  to 
  the 
  Canal 
  of 
  Chacao, 
  especially, 
  according 
  

   to 
  Latcham 
  (1928 
  a, 
  p. 
  205), 
  the 
  Departments 
  of 
  Carelmapu 
  and 
  

   Osorno. 
  

  

  The 
  Chono, 
  Poya, 
  and 
  Caucahue 
  of 
  the 
  older 
  chroniclers 
  and 
  modern 
  

   anthropologists 
  were 
  not 
  Araucanians. 
  Falkner's 
  use 
  of 
  "Chono" 
  as 
  

   inclusive 
  of 
  the 
  Araucanian-speakmg 
  Chilotan 
  Indians 
  was 
  erroneous. 
  

   The 
  term 
  Huilliche 
  Serrano 
  came 
  in 
  during 
  the 
  second 
  third 
  of 
  the 
  

   18th 
  century, 
  according 
  to 
  Latcham 
  (1929-30, 
  64:218), 
  to 
  denote 
  

   groups, 
  previously 
  called 
  Puelche, 
  of 
  the 
  Cordillera. 
  The 
  term 
  

   Moluche 
  (syn.: 
  Muluche, 
  Nguluche), 
  probably 
  "Western 
  People," 
  

   from 
  Araucanian 
  gull, 
  gulhue, 
  "west," 
  + 
  che 
  (not 
  "Warrior 
  People," 
  

   Lenz, 
  1904-10, 
  2:509) 
  first 
  appears 
  in 
  our 
  literature 
  in 
  1774 
  as 
  used 
  

   by 
  Falkner 
  for 
  the 
  Araucanians 
  both 
  east 
  and 
  west 
  of 
  the 
  Andes 
  from 
  

   the 
  "confines 
  of 
  Peru" 
  (or 
  Coquimbo) 
  south 
  and 
  including 
  the 
  non- 
  

   Araucanian 
  Chono, 
  Poya, 
  and 
  Caucahue 
  to 
  the 
  Strait 
  of 
  Magellan. 
  

   Moluche 
  was 
  a 
  name 
  by 
  which 
  they 
  were 
  then 
  known 
  to 
  the 
  Argen- 
  

   tine 
  or 
  "eastern" 
  Araucanians. 
  Auca 
  f 
  wherever 
  used, 
  refers 
  to 
  

   Araucanians. 
  

  

  The 
  Pehuenche 
  {Peguenche), 
  "People 
  of 
  the 
  Pines," 
  from 
  Araucanian 
  

   pehuen, 
  pegiien, 
  pewen, 
  "Chilean 
  pine 
  (Araucaria 
  imbricata)," 
  occu- 
  

   pied 
  the 
  high 
  slopes 
  and 
  valleys 
  of 
  the 
  main 
  Andean 
  Cordillera 
  where 
  

   their 
  chief 
  staple 
  food, 
  the 
  Araucaria, 
  grew, 
  that 
  is, 
  from 
  about 
  lat. 
  

   37° 
  20' 
  to 
  40° 
  20' 
  S., 
  and 
  seemingly, 
  they 
  at 
  different 
  times 
  or 
  in 
  differ- 
  

   ent 
  seasons 
  of 
  the 
  year 
  occupied 
  or 
  roamed 
  over 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  territory 
  

   outside 
  of 
  but 
  adjacent 
  to 
  the 
  Araucaria 
  range. 
  It 
  is 
  by 
  no 
  means 
  

   clear 
  whether 
  the 
  17th-century 
  "Pehuenche" 
  of 
  the 
  Cordillera 
  be- 
  

   tween 
  lat. 
  37° 
  and 
  40° 
  S. 
  were 
  the 
  ethnic 
  forebears 
  of 
  the 
  18th- 
  and 
  

   19th-century 
  "Pehuenche" 
  of 
  the 
  Cordillera 
  between 
  34° 
  and 
  37° 
  

   described 
  by 
  Molina 
  (1901, 
  pp. 
  262-65) 
  and 
  others. 
  (Cf. 
  infra 
  un- 
  

   der 
  Culture 
  of 
  the 
  Pehuenche.) 
  Some 
  of 
  the 
  early 
  Chilean 
  writers, 
  

   such 
  as 
  Ercilla 
  (1910, 
  p. 
  xix) 
  and 
  Olaverria 
  (1852, 
  p. 
  15) 
  refer 
  to 
  these 
  

   cordilleran 
  people 
  as 
  "Puelche." 
  From 
  the 
  middle 
  17th 
  century 
  on, 
  

   the 
  name 
  Pehuenche 
  has 
  been 
  used 
  for 
  various 
  bodies 
  of 
  Indians, 
  in 
  

   most 
  cases, 
  but 
  not 
  in 
  all, 
  identifiable 
  as 
  Araucanian-speakmg, 
  of 
  

   the 
  high 
  Cordillera, 
  of 
  the 
  eastern 
  slopes 
  thereof, 
  or 
  of 
  the 
  adjacent 
  

  

  