﻿Vol. 
  2] 
  THE 
  ARAUCANIANS 
  — 
  COOPER 
  693 
  

  

  Pampa, 
  from 
  about 
  lat. 
  34° 
  to 
  40° 
  S.; 
  in 
  the 
  second 
  half 
  of 
  the 
  18th 
  

   century, 
  for 
  the 
  non-Araucanian 
  "Serrano" 
  Indians 
  of 
  the 
  Sierra 
  del 
  

   Volcan 
  and 
  the 
  Sierra 
  de 
  la 
  Ventana 
  regions, 
  in 
  the 
  eastern 
  Pampa 
  

   south 
  of 
  Buenos 
  Aires, 
  and 
  south 
  of 
  these 
  ranges 
  to 
  or 
  toward 
  the 
  

   Rio 
  Negro 
  (Sanchez 
  Labrador, 
  1936, 
  pp. 
  29-30 
  — 
  possibly 
  an 
  author's 
  

   or 
  printer's 
  error 
  for 
  "Puelche"). 
  Since 
  the 
  middle 
  of 
  the 
  18th 
  

   century, 
  the 
  name 
  Pehuenche 
  has 
  also 
  been 
  used 
  for 
  a 
  branch 
  or 
  

   branches 
  of 
  the 
  Argentine 
  Araucanians 
  with 
  their 
  centers 
  in 
  or 
  near 
  

   the 
  eastern 
  slopes 
  of 
  the 
  Andes. 
  (Falkner, 
  1935, 
  p. 
  97; 
  Sanchez 
  

   Labrador, 
  1936, 
  pp. 
  30-31; 
  De 
  la 
  Cruz, 
  1836, 
  p. 
  36; 
  Cox, 
  1863, 
  pp. 
  

   164-165; 
  Tounens, 
  1863, 
  p. 
  2.) 
  

  

  Many 
  of 
  these 
  Araucanian-speaking 
  "Pehuenche" 
  of 
  the 
  Argen- 
  

   tine 
  Pampa 
  may 
  well 
  have 
  been 
  descendants, 
  in 
  part 
  at 
  least, 
  of 
  the 
  

   earlier 
  15th- 
  to 
  17th-century 
  pifion-eating 
  Pehuenche 
  of 
  the 
  high 
  

   Cordillera, 
  but 
  the 
  relationship 
  cannot 
  be 
  confidently 
  established 
  

   from 
  our 
  present 
  evidence. 
  

  

  The 
  Argentine 
  Araucanians 
  or 
  subdivisions 
  of 
  them 
  have 
  been 
  

   called 
  by 
  a 
  great 
  many 
  names, 
  of 
  which 
  the 
  more 
  important 
  are: 
  

   Moluche 
  (Falkner, 
  1935, 
  p. 
  96; 
  Sanchez 
  Labrador, 
  1936, 
  p. 
  30); 
  Vili- 
  

   muluche 
  (Sanchez 
  Labrador, 
  ibid.); 
  Picunche 
  (Falkner, 
  ibid.; 
  Sanchez 
  

   Labrador, 
  1936, 
  p. 
  31; 
  Musters, 
  1871, 
  pp. 
  231, 
  234); 
  Huilliche, 
  Pichi 
  

   Huilliche 
  (Falkner, 
  1935, 
  p.99: 
  Araucanian, 
  -pichi=" 
  small"); 
  Pehuenche, 
  

   Peguenche 
  (Falkner, 
  1935, 
  p. 
  96; 
  Sanchez 
  Labrador, 
  1936, 
  pp. 
  30-31; 
  

   De 
  la 
  Cruz, 
  1836; 
  Cox, 
  1863, 
  p. 
  164); 
  Picun-pehuenche 
  and 
  Huilli- 
  

   pehuenche 
  (Cox, 
  ibid.) 
  ; 
  Manzaneros, 
  Hombres 
  del 
  Manzanar 
  (Sanchez 
  

   Labrador, 
  1936, 
  p. 
  31; 
  Musters, 
  1871, 
  p. 
  70; 
  Milanesio, 
  1898, 
  p. 
  38: 
  

   Span., 
  manzano= 
  "apple 
  tree"); 
  Sanquelche 
  (Sanchez 
  Labrador, 
  

   1936, 
  p. 
  30), 
  Ranquelche, 
  Ranqueles 
  (Mansilla, 
  1877), 
  Ranquelines 
  

   (D'Orbigny, 
  1835-47, 
  2:227: 
  "People 
  of 
  the 
  Reeds," 
  from 
  Araucanian, 
  

   ranql, 
  rar/ktil 
  (r=s, 
  dialectic 
  shift) 
  = 
  "reed" 
  (Chusquea 
  sp. 
  and/or 
  

   Paspalum 
  sp.)); 
  Puelche, 
  Puelchu 
  (Araucanian, 
  puel, 
  "east," 
  + 
  che) 
  

   =Serrano 
  (Camafio, 
  1783, 
  in 
  Clark, 
  1937, 
  pp. 
  114-115); 
  Mapuche 
  

   (Moreno, 
  1879); 
  Pampa 
  (Barbara, 
  1930); 
  Patagon 
  (Molina, 
  1878 
  b, 
  

   p. 
  492; 
  1901, 
  p. 
  265); 
  Araucanos 
  des 
  Pampas 
  (D'Orbigny, 
  1835-47, 
  

   2:225). 
  Of 
  the 
  nine 
  smaller 
  groups 
  listed 
  as 
  "Puelche" 
  by 
  Falkner, 
  

   Lehmann-Nitsche 
  (1922, 
  p. 
  60) 
  considered 
  the 
  following 
  to 
  have 
  

   been 
  .Ara^cama^-speaking: 
  Taluhet, 
  Leuvuche; 
  the 
  following 
  in 
  part 
  

   Araucanian-sipeakmg: 
  Diuihet, 
  Calillehet, 
  Chulilaukunnu. 
  

  

  Around 
  the 
  middle 
  of 
  the 
  18 
  th 
  century, 
  when 
  we 
  get 
  our 
  first 
  

   glimpse 
  of 
  the 
  respective 
  locations 
  of 
  these 
  subdivisions, 
  the 
  main 
  body 
  

   of 
  the 
  Argentine 
  Araucanians 
  called 
  Moluche 
  (Picunche, 
  Pehuenche, 
  

   and 
  Huilliche) 
  by 
  Falkner 
  (1935, 
  pp. 
  96-98), 
  and 
  Muluche, 
  Picunche, 
  

   Peguenche, 
  Vilimuluche 
  and 
  Sanquelche 
  by 
  Sanchez 
  Labrador 
  (1936, 
  

   pp. 
  30-31) 
  appears 
  to 
  have 
  been 
  massed 
  around 
  the 
  eastern 
  slopes 
  of 
  

   the 
  Andes 
  and 
  the 
  adjacent 
  Pampa 
  from 
  about 
  lat. 
  30° 
  S., 
  somewhat 
  

  

  