﻿Vol.2] 
  THE 
  ARAUCANIANS 
  — 
  COOPER 
  703 
  

  

  Middle 
  Chile 
  forests, 
  and, 
  owing 
  to 
  the 
  density 
  of 
  the 
  undergrowth, 
  

   not 
  easily 
  pursued. 
  

  

  The 
  chief 
  large 
  aDimals 
  hunted 
  for 
  food 
  were 
  the 
  guanaco 
  (Lama 
  

   guanicoe), 
  the 
  huemul 
  or 
  guemal 
  (Hippocamelus 
  bisulcus), 
  and 
  the 
  pudu 
  

   (Pudupudu). 
  Many 
  kinds 
  of 
  birds 
  were 
  taken, 
  such 
  as 
  the 
  tinamou 
  

   (Nothoprocta 
  perdicaria) 
  , 
  the 
  bandurria 
  (Theristicus 
  melanopis), 
  parrots, 
  

   doves, 
  ducks, 
  geese, 
  swans, 
  and 
  others. 
  

  

  The 
  puma 
  (Felis 
  concolor) 
  was 
  hunted 
  with 
  dogs; 
  when 
  the 
  animal 
  

   took 
  to 
  the 
  trees, 
  it 
  was 
  shot 
  with 
  arrows; 
  and 
  small 
  dogs 
  were 
  also 
  

   used 
  in 
  hunting 
  partridges 
  (Gonzalez 
  de 
  Najera, 
  1889, 
  pp. 
  32, 
  34). 
  

   The 
  ordinary 
  weapons 
  employed 
  in 
  hunting 
  were 
  the 
  bow 
  and 
  arrow 
  

   (cf 
  . 
  infra 
  under 
  Warfare 
  for 
  description) 
  and 
  the 
  sling. 
  Later, 
  in 
  the 
  

   17th 
  century, 
  the 
  two-balled 
  bolas 
  was 
  introduced 
  as 
  a 
  hunting 
  weapon. 
  

   Its 
  use 
  is 
  first 
  recorded 
  in 
  Rosales; 
  the 
  bolas 
  was 
  apparently 
  absent 
  

   earlier 
  (McClafferty, 
  1932, 
  pp. 
  43-44). 
  

  

  Snares 
  (huachi, 
  wachi) 
  of 
  several 
  kinds 
  were 
  employed 
  for 
  trapping 
  

   birds, 
  but 
  no 
  details 
  on 
  construction 
  are 
  given 
  in 
  the 
  early 
  literature. 
  

   Cofia 
  describes 
  a 
  multiple 
  immobile 
  or 
  tether 
  snare 
  (European?) 
  : 
  slip 
  

   nooses 
  of 
  horse-tail 
  hair 
  were 
  suspended 
  from 
  a 
  horizontal 
  line 
  which 
  

   was 
  stretched 
  between 
  two 
  posts 
  embedded 
  in 
  the 
  ground 
  (Moesbach, 
  

   1936, 
  pp. 
  36-37). 
  Clog-snares, 
  spring-pole 
  and 
  tossing-pole 
  snares, 
  

   pole- 
  and 
  perch-snares, 
  deadfalls, 
  pitfalls, 
  and 
  trapping 
  nets 
  are 
  not 
  

   mentioned 
  in 
  our 
  sources, 
  so 
  far 
  as 
  the 
  present 
  writer 
  can 
  discover, 
  and 
  

   were 
  apparently 
  lacking. 
  

  

  Domesticated 
  animals. 
  — 
  The 
  domesticated 
  animals 
  kept 
  by 
  the 
  

   Mapuche-Huilliche 
  were 
  the 
  dog 
  and 
  the 
  llama. 
  The 
  guinea 
  pig 
  was 
  

   common 
  in 
  Chile 
  (Ovalle, 
  1888, 
  12:91; 
  Olivares, 
  1864, 
  p. 
  31; 
  Molina, 
  

   1878 
  b, 
  pp. 
  474-75; 
  Lenz, 
  1904-10, 
  1:220), 
  but 
  whether 
  among 
  the 
  

   Mapuche-Huilliche 
  in 
  particular 
  is 
  not 
  clear. 
  Neither 
  bees 
  nor 
  al- 
  

   pacas 
  were 
  kept. 
  Tamed 
  guanacos 
  were 
  common 
  in 
  the 
  south 
  of 
  the 
  

   area. 
  

  

  Two 
  kinds 
  of 
  dog 
  are 
  recorded 
  : 
  a 
  small 
  short-legged 
  one, 
  with 
  long 
  

   hair, 
  the 
  kiltho; 
  and 
  a 
  medium-sized 
  longer-legged 
  one 
  with 
  shorter 
  

   hair, 
  the 
  thegua 
  (Latcham, 
  1922 
  a, 
  pp. 
  49-63). 
  The 
  dog 
  was 
  used 
  in 
  

   hunting. 
  

  

  The 
  llama 
  (chilihueque, 
  rehueque, 
  Lama 
  glama) 
  was 
  reported 
  from 
  

   the 
  earliest 
  days 
  of 
  the 
  Conquest 
  as 
  far 
  south 
  as 
  the 
  Ancud 
  region 
  

   where 
  the 
  ordinary 
  Indian 
  possessed 
  4 
  to 
  8 
  head 
  and 
  the 
  caciques 
  

   12 
  to 
  20 
  (Goicueta, 
  1852, 
  p. 
  93). 
  With 
  the 
  introduction 
  of 
  mules 
  

   and 
  sheep, 
  native 
  llama 
  breeding 
  declined. 
  Some 
  llamas 
  were 
  still 
  

   kept 
  toward 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  the 
  18th 
  century 
  among 
  the 
  Huilliche 
  (Ascasubi, 
  

   1846, 
  p. 
  350) 
  , 
  but 
  are 
  now 
  no 
  longer 
  kept. 
  The 
  llama 
  was 
  bred 
  chiefly 
  

   for 
  its 
  wool 
  and 
  as 
  a 
  pack 
  animal. 
  It 
  also 
  served 
  a 
  socioeconomic 
  

   function 
  in 
  the 
  bride-price, 
  and 
  a 
  religious 
  one 
  in 
  sacrifices. 
  Its 
  

  

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  47 
  

  

  