﻿736 
  

  

  SOUTH 
  AMERICAN 
  INDIANS 
  

  

  [B. 
  A. 
  E. 
  Bull. 
  143 
  

  

  as 
  the 
  respective 
  words 
  may 
  embody 
  are 
  not 
  clearly 
  deducible 
  from 
  vo- 
  

   cabulary 
  definitions, 
  explanations, 
  or 
  contexts. 
  The 
  last 
  four 
  appear 
  

   to 
  denote 
  the 
  soul 
  or 
  spirit 
  of 
  the 
  deceased. 
  In 
  Febr6s 
  (1882) 
  and 
  

   Havestadt 
  (1883, 
  1:458), 
  am 
  also 
  connotes 
  a 
  ghostly 
  specter 
  or 
  appa- 
  

   rition, 
  for 
  which, 
  according 
  to 
  Latcham 
  (1922 
  b, 
  p. 
  581) 
  pallii 
  is 
  never 
  

   used; 
  nor 
  is 
  alwe 
  ever 
  used 
  for 
  the 
  soul 
  of 
  a 
  living 
  human 
  being. 
  The 
  

   primary 
  literal 
  meaning 
  of 
  aiwin 
  is 
  "shadow 
  cast 
  by 
  an 
  object." 
  The 
  

   soul 
  separated 
  from 
  the 
  body 
  was 
  also 
  called 
  sometimes 
  pillan. 
  There 
  

   is 
  no 
  clear 
  evidence 
  in 
  our 
  original 
  sources 
  that 
  the 
  Mapuche-Huilliche 
  

   believed 
  men 
  to 
  have 
  two 
  or 
  more 
  "souls." 
  

  

  Figure 
  79. 
  — 
  Mapuche 
  grave, 
  with 
  horse 
  skin 
  and 
  mast. 
  

  

  p. 
  172.) 
  

  

  (After 
  Smith, 
  1855, 
  

  

  In 
  one 
  version 
  of 
  future-life 
  concepts, 
  the 
  departed 
  spirits 
  were 
  

   transported 
  to 
  the 
  abode 
  of 
  the 
  dead 
  by 
  an 
  old 
  woman 
  in 
  the 
  shape 
  of 
  

   a 
  whale. 
  Divergent 
  beliefs 
  localized 
  the 
  abode 
  of 
  the 
  mass 
  of 
  dead 
  in 
  

   the 
  Andean 
  Cordillera, 
  or 
  to 
  the 
  west, 
  or 
  to 
  the 
  other 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  sea 
  or 
  

   ocean, 
  or, 
  more 
  specifically, 
  in 
  the 
  Island 
  of 
  Mocha. 
  Their 
  lot, 
  accord- 
  

   ing 
  to 
  one 
  conception, 
  was 
  a 
  contented 
  one, 
  according 
  to 
  another, 
  not 
  

   so 
  good, 
  insofar 
  as 
  their 
  food 
  was 
  black 
  potatoes. 
  Our 
  sources, 
  both 
  

   early 
  and 
  more 
  recent, 
  pretty 
  consistently 
  report 
  that 
  happiness 
  or 
  the 
  

   reverse 
  in 
  the 
  future 
  life 
  was 
  not 
  dependent 
  upon 
  moral 
  behavior 
  in 
  

   this 
  life, 
  although, 
  according 
  to 
  Molina 
  (1901, 
  p. 
  172), 
  some 
  natives 
  

  

  