﻿Vol. 
  2] 
  

  

  THE 
  ARAUCANIANS 
  — 
  COOPER 
  

  

  737 
  

  

  thought 
  it 
  was, 
  as 
  some 
  have 
  thought 
  more 
  recently 
  (Housse, 
  1939, 
  

   p. 
  90). 
  Other 
  beliefs 
  were 
  that 
  caciques 
  after 
  death 
  dwelt 
  in 
  volcanos 
  

   or 
  in 
  the 
  stars 
  or 
  the 
  Milky 
  Way; 
  sorcerers, 
  in 
  caves 
  or 
  in 
  the 
  depths 
  of 
  

   volcanos; 
  warriors, 
  in 
  the 
  sky. 
  Storms, 
  thunder, 
  and 
  lightning 
  were, 
  

   according 
  to 
  one 
  tradition, 
  caused 
  by 
  battles 
  in 
  the 
  air, 
  waged 
  by 
  the 
  

   spirits 
  of 
  departed 
  natives 
  against 
  the 
  spirits 
  of 
  Spaniards. 
  The 
  

   spirits 
  of 
  dead 
  caciques 
  could 
  revisit 
  the 
  living 
  in 
  the 
  form 
  of 
  large 
  blue 
  

   flies. 
  

  

  : 
  -r 
  

  

  ?£C 
  

  

  • 
  iVmW 
  

  

  Figure 
  80. 
  — 
  Mapuche 
  grave, 
  with 
  upright 
  lance 
  and 
  fencing 
  of 
  roughhewn 
  

   boards. 
  (After 
  Smith, 
  1855, 
  p. 
  227.) 
  

  

  ESTHETIC 
  AND 
  RECREATIONAL 
  ACTIVITIES 
  

  

  Art. 
  — 
  Design 
  was 
  confined 
  almost 
  exclusively 
  to 
  geometric 
  pat- 
  

   terns. 
  There 
  was 
  no 
  figure 
  modeling 
  in 
  clay 
  except 
  the 
  steamer-duck 
  

   pitchers 
  previously 
  noted, 
  no 
  sculpture 
  in 
  stone, 
  and 
  no 
  artistic 
  wood 
  

   carving, 
  except 
  certain 
  crude 
  wooden 
  masks 
  (coll6n: 
  cf. 
  Claude 
  

   Joseph, 
  1931, 
  pp. 
  234-36) 
  used 
  at 
  gatherings 
  and 
  in 
  hockey 
  games 
  and 
  

   the 
  rudely 
  shaped 
  human 
  figures 
  in 
  wood 
  set 
  up 
  at 
  graves. 
  

  

  Literature. 
  — 
  Oratory 
  was 
  in 
  high 
  esteem, 
  taught 
  and 
  cultivated, 
  and 
  

   premiated 
  as 
  an 
  avenue 
  to 
  prestige 
  and 
  public 
  office. 
  A 
  special 
  highly 
  

   figurative 
  style 
  prevailed 
  in 
  public 
  speeches, 
  with 
  the 
  use 
  of 
  special 
  

   phrases 
  and 
  turns 
  of 
  expression 
  peculiar 
  thereto. 
  Special 
  songs 
  were 
  

  

  