﻿Vol. 
  2] 
  

  

  THE 
  ARAUCANIANS 
  — 
  COOPER 
  

  

  739 
  

  

  of 
  a 
  gathering 
  or 
  reunion 
  of 
  a 
  small 
  or 
  large 
  number 
  of 
  people, 
  during 
  

   which 
  there 
  was 
  singing 
  and 
  dancing, 
  feasting, 
  and 
  heavy 
  drinking. 
  

   The 
  kawifi 
  was 
  very 
  apt 
  to 
  end 
  in 
  widespread 
  intoxication 
  among 
  the 
  

   participants, 
  bloody 
  fights, 
  and 
  sex 
  orgies 
  — 
  in 
  a 
  word, 
  the 
  typical, 
  

   widely 
  distributed 
  aboriginal 
  South 
  American 
  drinking 
  bout. 
  These 
  

   eating 
  and 
  drinking 
  feasts 
  were 
  given 
  on 
  many 
  occasions, 
  such 
  as 
  

   religious 
  rites, 
  victory 
  celebrations, 
  the 
  erection 
  of 
  a 
  hut, 
  sowing 
  and 
  

   threshing, 
  shearing, 
  the 
  completing 
  of 
  a 
  new 
  receptacle 
  for 
  chicha 
  

   making, 
  marriages, 
  burials, 
  athletic 
  events, 
  initiation 
  into 
  the 
  shaman- 
  

   ship, 
  etc. 
  The 
  war 
  cry 
  previously 
  mentioned, 
  made 
  by 
  striking 
  the 
  

   palm 
  rhythmically 
  against 
  the 
  mouth, 
  was 
  also 
  a 
  common 
  sign 
  of 
  

   rejoicing 
  used 
  in 
  such 
  feasts. 
  

  

  Figure 
  81. 
  — 
  Mapuche 
  hockey 
  sticks 
  and 
  ball. 
  (After 
  Manquilef, 
  1914.) 
  

  

  Men, 
  women, 
  and 
  children 
  were 
  excellent 
  swimmers; 
  they 
  indulged 
  

   in 
  this 
  exercise 
  partly 
  for 
  cleanliness 
  and 
  Spartan 
  self-training, 
  and 
  

   partly 
  for 
  recreation. 
  Wrestling 
  (with 
  hairhold) 
  and 
  foot-racing 
  were 
  

   also 
  common. 
  By 
  far 
  the 
  most 
  important 
  sport, 
  however, 
  was 
  chueca 
  

   (hufino, 
  uno, 
  palican) 
  or 
  hockey, 
  played 
  by 
  men, 
  women, 
  and 
  children, 
  

   with 
  a 
  small 
  wooden 
  ball 
  and 
  with 
  sticks 
  of 
  Chusquea 
  sp., 
  curved 
  at 
  the 
  

   end 
  (fig. 
  81). 
  It 
  was 
  an 
  organized 
  team 
  game 
  played 
  by 
  two 
  sides 
  of 
  

   10 
  to 
  15 
  players 
  each, 
  to 
  the 
  music 
  of 
  flutes 
  and 
  drums, 
  before 
  big 
  

   crowds 
  of 
  spectators, 
  for 
  large 
  wagers 
  put 
  up 
  both 
  by 
  players 
  and 
  by 
  

   spectators. 
  (Cf. 
  vivid 
  description 
  of 
  modern 
  match 
  by 
  Robles 
  Rod- 
  

   riguez, 
  1942, 
  pp. 
  189-208.) 
  Various 
  magico-religious 
  rites 
  were 
  

   carried 
  out 
  in 
  connection 
  with 
  the 
  game: 
  e. 
  g., 
  the 
  ball 
  was 
  treated 
  by 
  

   the 
  medicine 
  man, 
  the 
  sticks 
  were 
  fumigated 
  with 
  tobacco 
  smoke 
  

   and 
  anointed 
  with 
  the 
  blood 
  of 
  an 
  animal 
  killed 
  for 
  the 
  purpose. 
  

   Sexual 
  intercourse 
  was 
  avoided 
  before 
  an 
  important 
  match 
  game 
  

   (Guevara 
  Silva, 
  1913, 
  p. 
  174). 
  Second 
  in 
  importance 
  as 
  a 
  sport 
  was 
  

  

  