﻿758 
  SOUTH 
  AMERICAN 
  INDIANS 
  [B. 
  A. 
  E. 
  Bull. 
  143 
  

  

  mare 
  to 
  be 
  eaten 
  at 
  the 
  feast. 
  The 
  girl 
  was 
  placed 
  in 
  the 
  rear 
  of 
  the 
  

   toldo, 
  where 
  she 
  received 
  visits 
  of 
  congratulation 
  from 
  all 
  the 
  "indios" 
  

   and 
  "indias" 
  of 
  the 
  camp. 
  To 
  each 
  of 
  these 
  she 
  gave 
  a 
  piece 
  of 
  

   mare's 
  meat, 
  according 
  to 
  their 
  rank 
  and 
  degree 
  of 
  kinship. 
  Then, 
  

   seated 
  on 
  a 
  mantle, 
  she 
  was 
  carried 
  through 
  the 
  camp, 
  and 
  a 
  little 
  earth 
  

   mixed 
  with 
  blood 
  was 
  put 
  in 
  her 
  mouth. 
  There 
  was 
  no 
  bath, 
  so 
  Cox 
  

   was 
  told. 
  

  

  The 
  first 
  menses 
  rite 
  as 
  recorded 
  by 
  Moreno 
  (1879, 
  p. 
  13) 
  among 
  the 
  

   "Pehuenche" 
  of 
  the 
  Collon-Cura, 
  near 
  the 
  volcano 
  of 
  Quetro-Pillan 
  in 
  

   the 
  Lake 
  Nahuelhuapi 
  region, 
  included 
  a 
  3-day 
  dance 
  around 
  a 
  dama- 
  

   juana 
  by 
  day 
  — 
  with 
  five 
  dancers 
  performing 
  to 
  the 
  beating 
  of 
  a 
  drum 
  

   made 
  of 
  a 
  plate 
  covered 
  with 
  painted 
  skin 
  — 
  and 
  a 
  bonfire 
  at 
  night. 
  

  

  At 
  the 
  rite 
  — 
  apparently 
  Araucanian, 
  to 
  judge 
  from 
  the 
  linguistic 
  

   cues, 
  although 
  it 
  was 
  celebrated 
  for 
  the 
  daughter 
  of 
  a"Pampa" 
  man 
  — 
  

   which 
  was 
  witnessed 
  by 
  La 
  Vaulx 
  (1897-98, 
  pp. 
  95-96; 
  more 
  detailed 
  

   in 
  1901, 
  pp. 
  218-30) 
  near 
  the 
  site 
  of 
  present-day 
  Colonia 
  Sarmiento, 
  

   a 
  special 
  tent 
  was 
  erected; 
  the 
  men, 
  women, 
  and 
  children 
  went 
  around 
  

   it 
  singing 
  to 
  drive 
  away 
  bad 
  luck 
  and 
  to 
  ask 
  supernatural 
  favors; 
  the 
  

   girl 
  was 
  then 
  installed 
  in 
  a 
  sort 
  of 
  altar 
  in 
  a 
  corner 
  of 
  the 
  tent 
  and 
  kept 
  

   there 
  3 
  days 
  out 
  of 
  sight 
  under 
  the 
  surveillance 
  of 
  four 
  old 
  women; 
  

   horses 
  and 
  cattle 
  were 
  gotten 
  for 
  the 
  feast; 
  two 
  fires 
  were 
  lighted 
  before 
  

   the 
  special 
  tent, 
  and 
  the 
  men, 
  with 
  ostrich 
  feathers 
  in 
  their 
  hair, 
  

   danced 
  four 
  at 
  a 
  time 
  to 
  the 
  beat 
  of 
  the 
  drum; 
  the 
  old 
  women 
  then 
  

   took 
  the 
  place 
  of 
  the 
  men 
  dancers, 
  and 
  leaped 
  in 
  the 
  fire. 
  

  

  The 
  rite 
  recorded 
  by 
  Claude 
  Joseph 
  (1933-34, 
  pp. 
  1061-63) 
  as 
  prac- 
  

   ticed 
  by 
  Araucanians 
  in 
  the 
  Andean 
  Cordillera 
  included 
  the 
  erection 
  of 
  

   a 
  low 
  domed 
  hut 
  for 
  the 
  girl, 
  short 
  rations 
  for 
  her 
  for 
  4 
  days, 
  trials 
  of 
  

   skill 
  by 
  the 
  women, 
  fast 
  running 
  by 
  the 
  girl, 
  carrying 
  the 
  girl 
  around 
  

   seated 
  on 
  a 
  board, 
  and 
  a 
  final 
  banquet 
  of 
  mare's 
  flesh. 
  

  

  Some 
  of 
  the 
  elements 
  in 
  the 
  above 
  rites 
  strongly 
  suggest 
  Tehuelche 
  

   or 
  other 
  trans-Andean 
  influence. 
  But 
  other 
  of 
  the 
  elements, 
  such 
  as 
  

   the 
  race 
  at 
  dawn 
  and 
  sunset 
  and 
  the 
  fetching 
  of 
  firewood 
  — 
  paralleled 
  

   in 
  the 
  Oregon, 
  northern 
  Californian, 
  and 
  Southwest 
  regions 
  of 
  North 
  

   America 
  — 
  are 
  not 
  recorded 
  elsewhere 
  in 
  South 
  America, 
  to 
  the 
  present 
  

   writer's 
  knowledge, 
  and 
  are 
  very 
  hard 
  to 
  account 
  for 
  in 
  view 
  of 
  the 
  

   consistent 
  silence 
  of 
  our 
  sources 
  regarding 
  first 
  menses 
  rites 
  among 
  

   the 
  Chilean 
  Araucanians. 
  

  

  Among 
  the 
  Pehuenche 
  of 
  Antuco, 
  a 
  corpse 
  was 
  taken 
  out 
  of 
  the 
  toldo 
  

   feet 
  first, 
  lest 
  the 
  deceased 
  return 
  (Poeppig, 
  1835-36, 
  1 
  :393). 
  

  

  Argentine 
  Araucanian 
  theism 
  (see 
  supra, 
  p. 
  742) 
  and 
  shamanism 
  

   (cf. 
  De 
  la 
  Cruz, 
  1836, 
  pp. 
  38, 
  48, 
  53: 
  Poeppig, 
  1835-36, 
  1:394-96; 
  

   Barbara, 
  1879, 
  pp. 
  165-69; 
  Milanesio, 
  1898, 
  pp. 
  43-44) 
  differ, 
  so 
  far 
  

   as 
  they 
  are 
  recorded, 
  only 
  in 
  minor 
  details 
  from 
  Mapuche-Huilliche. 
  

   N 
  on- 
  Araucanian 
  influences 
  in 
  the 
  religious 
  terminology 
  of 
  the 
  Argen- 
  

   tine 
  Araucanians 
  can 
  be 
  seen 
  in 
  the 
  use 
  of 
  the 
  names 
  "Soy-Cmi" 
  for 
  

  

  