﻿792 
  SOUTH 
  AMERICAN 
  INDIANS 
  [B. 
  A. 
  E. 
  Bull. 
  143 
  

  

  (Annona 
  cherimolia), 
  capuli 
  {Phy 
  satis 
  peruviana), 
  and 
  many 
  others, 
  

   were 
  cultivated. 
  Maguey, 
  known 
  here 
  as 
  cabuya, 
  was 
  widely 
  grown 
  

   for 
  its 
  fiber. 
  Dogs 
  and 
  guinea 
  pigs 
  were 
  the 
  only 
  domestic 
  animals. 
  

   Gonzalez 
  Suarez 
  suggests 
  that 
  the 
  llama 
  was 
  introduced 
  by 
  the 
  Inca, 
  

   and 
  this 
  is 
  probably 
  correct 
  insofar 
  as 
  extensive 
  use 
  is 
  concerned. 
  

   Nevertheless, 
  archeological 
  evidence 
  points 
  to 
  pre-Znca 
  presence 
  of 
  

   llamas 
  in 
  both 
  Imbabura 
  and 
  Cafiar. 
  

  

  We 
  have 
  very 
  little 
  detailed 
  information 
  on 
  the 
  social 
  organization 
  

   of 
  pre-JTwca 
  days. 
  People 
  lived 
  dispersed 
  over 
  the 
  mountainsides 
  but 
  

   frequently 
  came 
  together 
  for 
  ceremonial 
  and 
  other 
  purposes. 
  Local 
  

   chieftains, 
  later 
  known 
  by 
  the 
  Inca 
  word 
  curaca, 
  collaborated 
  with 
  

   fellow 
  chiefs 
  in 
  confederations 
  or 
  were 
  subjected 
  to 
  "kings." 
  The 
  

   authority 
  of 
  such 
  chiefs 
  was 
  considerable: 
  They 
  were 
  able 
  to 
  raise 
  

   armies 
  and 
  act 
  jointly, 
  even 
  transcending 
  linguistic 
  lines. 
  Rewards 
  

   in 
  rich 
  jewelry, 
  many 
  wives, 
  and 
  ornate 
  burials 
  were 
  available 
  to 
  these 
  

   leaders 
  from 
  their 
  grateful 
  and 
  obedient 
  followers. 
  Such 
  collaboration 
  

   and 
  imposition 
  of 
  authority 
  combined 
  with 
  a 
  high 
  degree 
  of 
  techno- 
  

   logical 
  skill 
  are 
  typical 
  of 
  the 
  northern 
  Andes. 
  

  

  The 
  Pasto, 
  though 
  a 
  tribe 
  of 
  Ecuador, 
  are 
  treated 
  elsewhere 
  (this 
  

   volume, 
  p. 
  927). 
  

  

  THE 
  CARA 
  

  

  Tribal 
  divisions. 
  — 
  The 
  Cava 
  (Caranqui, 
  Imbaya) 
  lived 
  in 
  Imbabura 
  

   and 
  northern 
  Pichincha 
  Provinces. 
  Some 
  of 
  their 
  settlements 
  were: 
  

   Otavalo, 
  Cochasqui, 
  Quilca, 
  Caguasqui, 
  Cayambe, 
  Caranqui, 
  Urcuqui, 
  

   Chapi, 
  Pimampiro, 
  Poritaco, 
  Cotacachi, 
  Tontaqui, 
  Tumbabiro, 
  Col- 
  

   laguazo, 
  Las 
  Huacas, 
  Guaillabamba, 
  and 
  Carapungo 
  (Calderon). 
  

  

  In 
  addition, 
  Jij6n 
  suggests 
  that 
  archeological 
  evidence 
  extends 
  their 
  

   southern 
  limit 
  to 
  include 
  Quinche, 
  Pifo, 
  Yaruqui, 
  Tumbaco, 
  and 
  

   Pomasqui. 
  

  

  Language. 
  — 
  Although 
  the 
  Cara 
  language 
  is 
  lost, 
  its 
  affiliation 
  with 
  

   the 
  Barbacoa 
  group 
  of 
  the 
  Chibchan 
  family 
  has 
  been 
  determined 
  on 
  the 
  

   basis 
  of 
  place 
  names 
  and 
  patronymics. 
  It 
  apparently 
  is 
  quite 
  similar 
  

   to 
  the 
  language 
  of 
  the 
  Pasto 
  and 
  of 
  the 
  Cayapa 
  who 
  live 
  today 
  in 
  the 
  

   western 
  jungle. 
  

  

  Mythical 
  history. 
  — 
  For 
  a 
  long 
  time, 
  the 
  history 
  of 
  the 
  Cara 
  has 
  been 
  

   the 
  subject 
  of 
  an 
  acrimonious 
  controversy. 
  In 
  the 
  18th 
  century 
  a 
  

   Jesuit 
  priest, 
  Juan 
  de 
  Velasco, 
  wrote 
  a 
  book 
  purporting 
  to 
  be 
  a 
  his- 
  

   tory 
  of 
  the 
  Cara 
  and 
  their 
  greatness. 
  It 
  was 
  based 
  on 
  16th-century 
  

   documents 
  (now 
  lost) 
  and 
  native 
  tradition 
  as 
  transmitted 
  to 
  one 
  of 
  

   Velasco's 
  contemporaries, 
  a 
  native 
  chief. 
  

  

  According 
  to 
  Velasco, 
  the 
  Cara 
  came 
  from 
  some 
  place 
  beyond 
  the 
  

   sea 
  and 
  disembarked 
  at 
  the 
  Pacific 
  port 
  of 
  Bahfa 
  de 
  Caraquez. 
  They 
  

   were 
  led 
  by 
  a 
  chief 
  called 
  Schyri 
  in 
  their 
  tongue. 
  After 
  battling 
  some 
  

   giants, 
  they 
  followed 
  the 
  Esmeraldas 
  River 
  into 
  the 
  Highlands, 
  where 
  

  

  