﻿Vol.2] 
  ARCHEOLOGY 
  OF 
  COLOMBIA 
  — 
  BENNETT 
  827 
  

  

  ment, 
  eight 
  major 
  zones 
  are 
  generally 
  recognized, 
  each 
  characterized 
  

   by 
  a 
  dominant 
  style, 
  although 
  other 
  minor 
  ones 
  may 
  be 
  included 
  (map 
  

   8). 
  The 
  zones 
  and 
  their 
  representative 
  styles 
  are 
  listed 
  briefly 
  in 
  the 
  

   following 
  tabulation: 
  

  

  1. 
  Narino. 
  (The 
  Narino 
  is 
  the 
  only 
  distinctive 
  style 
  found, 
  although 
  some 
  authors 
  

  

  distinguish 
  materials 
  from 
  the 
  neighboring 
  Putumayo 
  region.) 
  

  

  2. 
  Upper 
  Cauca 
  (Calima). 
  (Several 
  styles 
  are 
  recognized 
  for 
  this 
  area, 
  including 
  

  

  Rio 
  Pichind6, 
  Quebrada 
  Seca, 
  Rio 
  Bolo, 
  Quimbaya, 
  and 
  Calima.) 
  

  

  3. 
  Quimbaya 
  (Quindfo) 
  . 
  (The 
  Quimbaya 
  style 
  dominates, 
  associated 
  with 
  a 
  con- 
  

  

  temporaneous 
  brown 
  ware 
  incised 
  style.) 
  

  

  4. 
  Sinu. 
  (Only 
  the 
  Sinu 
  style 
  has 
  been 
  found.) 
  

  

  5. 
  Chibcha. 
  (Chibcha 
  style 
  dominates 
  but 
  some 
  authors 
  distinguish 
  a 
  Guane" 
  

  

  style 
  as 
  slightly 
  earlier.) 
  

  

  6. 
  Tairona. 
  (Although 
  a 
  number 
  of 
  subdivisions 
  are 
  distinguished 
  within 
  the 
  

  

  Tairona 
  style, 
  all 
  of 
  these 
  are 
  considered 
  to 
  be 
  contemporaneous. 
  Some 
  

   authors 
  add 
  Riohacha 
  materials, 
  and 
  those 
  generally 
  from 
  the 
  Atlantic 
  lit- 
  

   oral, 
  as 
  distinct 
  divisions.) 
  

  

  7. 
  San 
  Agustin. 
  (San 
  Agustfn 
  style 
  is 
  dominant, 
  with 
  Mantanzas 
  style 
  and 
  

  

  various 
  miscellaneous 
  pieces 
  also 
  included 
  in 
  the 
  area.) 
  

  

  8. 
  Tierradentro. 
  (Tierradentro 
  style 
  is 
  dominant, 
  but 
  San 
  JAgustfn, 
  Quimbaya, 
  

  

  and 
  miscellaneous 
  other 
  materials 
  have 
  also 
  been 
  found.) 
  

  

  The 
  Mosquito 
  style 
  is 
  sometimes 
  added 
  to 
  this 
  list, 
  although 
  so 
  far 
  

   represented 
  essentially 
  by 
  a 
  type 
  of 
  urn 
  and 
  its 
  modeled 
  cover 
  only. 
  

   Some 
  authors 
  include 
  the 
  Chiriqui 
  style, 
  found 
  on 
  the 
  Colombia-Pan- 
  

   ama 
  border, 
  but 
  this 
  is 
  more 
  commonly 
  classed 
  in 
  the 
  Central 
  American 
  

   division. 
  

  

  These 
  archeological 
  zones 
  are 
  not 
  only 
  unequally 
  known 
  from 
  the 
  

   point 
  of 
  view 
  of 
  excavations, 
  but 
  there 
  is 
  likewise 
  little 
  evidence 
  for 
  

   the 
  chronological 
  relationship 
  of 
  styles 
  within 
  any 
  area. 
  Furthermore, 
  

   there 
  is 
  little 
  overlapping 
  of 
  styles 
  from 
  one 
  area 
  to 
  another. 
  In 
  Col- 
  

   ombia, 
  unlike 
  Peru, 
  there 
  are 
  no 
  widespread 
  styles 
  which 
  indicate 
  

   strong 
  cultural 
  or, 
  perhaps, 
  political 
  influence 
  over 
  great 
  sections 
  of 
  

   the 
  country. 
  This 
  is 
  quite 
  consistent 
  with 
  the 
  historical 
  picture 
  of 
  the 
  

   Colombian 
  Indians, 
  but 
  makes 
  the 
  reconstruction 
  of 
  total 
  chronology 
  

   exceptionally 
  difficult. 
  

  

  DISTRIBUTION 
  AND 
  COMPARISON 
  

  

  Following 
  this 
  general 
  discussion 
  there 
  is 
  a 
  summary 
  of 
  the 
  principal 
  

   archeological 
  zones 
  of 
  Colombia 
  which 
  demonstrates 
  clearly 
  the 
  

   difficulty 
  of 
  making 
  broad 
  generalizations. 
  Each 
  zone 
  is 
  essentially 
  

   isolated, 
  geographically 
  and 
  culturally, 
  and 
  bears 
  only 
  a 
  superficial 
  

   resemblance 
  to 
  the 
  neighboring 
  areas. 
  In 
  fact, 
  limited 
  distributions 
  

   are 
  a 
  major 
  feature 
  of 
  Colombian 
  archeology 
  as 
  it 
  is 
  now 
  known. 
  

  

  Stone 
  carving 
  is 
  a 
  good 
  illustration, 
  since 
  it 
  is 
  a 
  common 
  character- 
  

   istic 
  of 
  the 
  Central 
  Andean 
  Highlands 
  and 
  Central 
  America, 
  and 
  since 
  

   Colombia 
  might 
  be 
  considered 
  a 
  link 
  between 
  these 
  two 
  regions. 
  

   However, 
  the 
  distribution 
  of 
  stone 
  statues 
  or 
  of 
  large 
  stone 
  carvings 
  

  

  