﻿832 
  SOUTH 
  AMERICAN 
  INDIANS 
  [B. 
  A. 
  E. 
  Bull. 
  143 
  

  

  ARCHEOLOGICAL 
  ZONES 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  pages 
  which 
  follow, 
  the 
  major 
  archeological 
  zones 
  of 
  Colom- 
  

   bia 
  are 
  summarized 
  in 
  terms 
  of 
  the 
  materials 
  known 
  at 
  present. 
  The 
  

   description 
  emphasizes 
  the 
  dominant 
  style 
  for 
  each 
  zone, 
  although 
  

   the 
  other 
  styles 
  are 
  also 
  mentioned. 
  Only 
  brief 
  mention 
  is 
  made 
  of 
  

   the 
  important 
  zones 
  of 
  San 
  Agustin 
  and 
  Tierradentro 
  since 
  these 
  are 
  

   described 
  in 
  detail 
  in 
  the 
  two 
  following 
  articles 
  by 
  Gregorio 
  Her- 
  

   nandez 
  de 
  Alba, 
  which 
  form 
  a 
  logical 
  complement 
  to 
  the 
  summary. 
  

  

  1. 
  NARlftO 
  

  

  The 
  intermont 
  basin, 
  which 
  includes 
  the 
  town 
  of 
  Pasto 
  in 
  the 
  south- 
  

   ern 
  Colombian 
  Department 
  of 
  Narifio, 
  extends 
  into 
  Ecuador 
  and 
  is 
  

   geographically 
  similar 
  to 
  the 
  series 
  of 
  high 
  basins 
  which 
  characterize 
  

   that 
  country. 
  The 
  terrain 
  is 
  high, 
  with 
  gently 
  rolling 
  surfaces, 
  for 
  the 
  

   most 
  part 
  not 
  forest-covered. 
  The 
  environment 
  of 
  the 
  higher 
  lands 
  

   which 
  extend 
  up 
  to 
  the 
  snow 
  line 
  is 
  of 
  typical 
  paramo 
  type. 
  In 
  spite 
  

   of 
  the 
  physical 
  similarity 
  to 
  Ecuador, 
  and 
  in 
  spite 
  of 
  the 
  fact 
  that 
  this 
  

   area 
  is 
  said 
  once 
  to 
  have 
  been 
  occupied 
  by 
  the 
  Inca, 
  surface 
  ruins 
  

   have 
  not 
  been 
  found. 
  Up 
  to 
  the 
  present, 
  scientific 
  exploration 
  has 
  

   been 
  meager 
  in 
  this 
  area, 
  and 
  so 
  outside 
  of 
  the 
  collections 
  from 
  excava- 
  

   ted 
  graves 
  no 
  information 
  is 
  available. 
  

  

  Graves. 
  — 
  The 
  graves 
  are 
  of 
  several 
  types. 
  The 
  commonest 
  has 
  a 
  

   short 
  square 
  shaft 
  from 
  which 
  one 
  or 
  more 
  small 
  subterranean 
  cham- 
  

   bers 
  are 
  entered 
  via 
  window-doors. 
  Deep-shaft 
  graves 
  as 
  much 
  as 
  11 
  

   m. 
  (about 
  36 
  feet) 
  in 
  depth, 
  and 
  some 
  simple 
  unprepared 
  graves 
  are 
  

   also 
  reported. 
  Interment 
  was 
  both 
  primary 
  direct 
  and 
  secondary 
  

   in 
  crude 
  pottery 
  urns. 
  

  

  Ceramics. 
  — 
  The 
  Narifio 
  style 
  is 
  best 
  represented 
  by 
  the 
  ceramics, 
  

   which 
  conform 
  closely 
  to 
  a 
  few 
  basic 
  shapes. 
  The 
  major 
  categories 
  

   are 
  small, 
  globular- 
  or 
  angular-bodied 
  ollas 
  (fig, 
  91, 
  e) 
  with 
  two 
  rim- 
  

   loop 
  handles; 
  round-based 
  or 
  annular-based 
  plates 
  (fig. 
  91,/) 
  ; 
  globular- 
  

   or 
  angular-bodied 
  large 
  bowls, 
  both 
  with 
  and 
  without 
  flaring 
  rims; 
  

   and 
  constricted 
  taper-collar 
  jars. 
  Painted 
  decoration 
  is 
  typical 
  in 
  

   two-color 
  positive 
  of 
  red 
  or 
  black 
  on 
  a 
  soft 
  yellow 
  or 
  white 
  base 
  (fig. 
  

   91, 
  d), 
  two-color 
  negative 
  in 
  black 
  and 
  red, 
  and, 
  most 
  characteristic 
  

   of 
  all, 
  three-color 
  negative 
  (fig. 
  91, 
  a, 
  b) 
  in 
  black, 
  white, 
  or 
  yellow 
  and 
  

   red. 
  Relief, 
  incision, 
  and 
  modeling 
  are 
  other 
  rare 
  design 
  techniques. 
  

   Most 
  designs 
  are 
  executed 
  in 
  carelessly 
  applied 
  broad 
  lines 
  forming 
  

   such 
  geometric 
  figures 
  as 
  bands, 
  triangles, 
  serrations, 
  crosses, 
  stars, 
  

   steps, 
  circles, 
  and 
  zigzags. 
  Rarely, 
  monkey 
  and 
  other 
  animal 
  designs 
  

   occur. 
  In 
  spite 
  of 
  the 
  relative 
  simplicity 
  of 
  the 
  shapes, 
  designs, 
  and 
  

   colors, 
  their 
  combination 
  forms 
  a 
  distinctive, 
  easily 
  identifiable 
  style, 
  

   although 
  one 
  suggestive 
  of 
  Ecuadorian 
  affiliations. 
  

  

  Clay 
  ocarinas 
  are 
  a 
  Narifio 
  characteristic. 
  Many 
  of 
  these 
  have 
  

   fine 
  step 
  and 
  scroll 
  designs 
  painted 
  in 
  red 
  on 
  a 
  cream 
  base. 
  The 
  

  

  