﻿922 
  SOUTH 
  AMERICAN 
  INDIANS 
  [B. 
  A. 
  E. 
  Bull. 
  143 
  

  

  Contemporary 
  descriptions. 
  — 
  Albis 
  (1934), 
  describing 
  a 
  visit 
  to 
  the 
  

   Andaqui 
  in 
  1854; 
  Bollaert 
  (1860); 
  Brisson 
  (1899), 
  good 
  on 
  the 
  Pasto; 
  

   Castellvi 
  (1934), 
  on 
  language 
  groups; 
  Castillo 
  i 
  Orosco 
  (1878), 
  on 
  Pdez 
  

   language; 
  Censo 
  de 
  la 
  Poblacion 
  de 
  la 
  Kepublica 
  de 
  Colombia 
  

   (1924); 
  Cortes 
  (1919), 
  on 
  the 
  flora; 
  Cuervo, 
  M. 
  C. 
  (1920), 
  on 
  arche- 
  

   ology 
  and 
  ethnology; 
  Garganta 
  Fabrega 
  (1942), 
  on 
  coca; 
  Douay 
  (1900), 
  

   on 
  language; 
  Jimenez 
  (1936), 
  on 
  geography; 
  Ortiz 
  (1935), 
  on 
  the 
  native 
  

   communities 
  of 
  Jamondino 
  and 
  Males; 
  Otero 
  (1938), 
  on 
  the 
  Guanaca 
  

   and 
  (1939) 
  on 
  languages 
  in 
  the 
  Departamento 
  del 
  Cauca; 
  Perez 
  

   (1862), 
  on 
  the 
  geography 
  of 
  Cauca; 
  Pittier 
  de 
  Fabrega 
  (1907), 
  on 
  the 
  

   Pdez; 
  Keclus 
  (1893); 
  Thrasher, 
  (1860-61); 
  and 
  Triana 
  (1907). 
  

  

  LANGUAGES 
  

  

  Ever 
  since 
  the 
  chroniclers 
  wrote 
  of 
  the 
  Conquest, 
  the 
  problem 
  of 
  

   the 
  native 
  languages 
  in 
  this 
  part 
  of 
  Colombia 
  has 
  been 
  extremely 
  

   complicated. 
  One 
  writer 
  affirmed, 
  "It 
  is 
  certain 
  that 
  there 
  are 
  more 
  

   languages 
  differing 
  from 
  another 
  than 
  there 
  are 
  leagues 
  in 
  the 
  whole 
  

   province" 
  (Jijon 
  y 
  Caamano, 
  1936-38,2: 
  179-82). 
  According 
  to 
  the 
  

   "Relaci6n 
  de 
  los 
  Sucesos 
  de 
  Pedrarias 
  Davila," 
  by 
  Governor 
  Andagoy 
  a, 
  

   the 
  Spaniards 
  ascending 
  the 
  Cauca 
  Valley 
  found 
  within 
  2 
  leagues 
  

   east 
  of 
  Cali: 
  

  

  There 
  are 
  other 
  peoples 
  with 
  a 
  different 
  language 
  from 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  Lilt. 
  In 
  the 
  

   ten 
  leagues 
  of 
  the 
  road 
  toward 
  Popayan 
  there 
  is 
  another 
  people 
  of 
  another 
  language 
  

   . 
  . 
  . 
  toward 
  the 
  other 
  Cordillera 
  of 
  the 
  mountains 
  in 
  the 
  eastern 
  part 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  the 
  

   language 
  of 
  Popayan 
  extends 
  some 
  ten 
  leagues 
  toward 
  the 
  south. 
  And 
  from 
  the 
  

   top 
  of 
  the 
  mountains 
  toward 
  the 
  valley 
  of 
  Timana 
  is 
  another 
  different 
  language 
  

   and 
  ten 
  leagues 
  beyond 
  [from 
  Popayan] 
  from 
  one 
  cordillera 
  to 
  the 
  other 
  there 
  are 
  

   other 
  different 
  languages 
  all 
  the 
  way 
  to 
  Quito. 
  [Cuervo, 
  1894, 
  2:113.] 
  

  

  But 
  modern 
  linguistic 
  studies 
  in 
  this 
  region 
  have 
  classified 
  the 
  lan- 
  

   guages 
  spoken 
  at 
  the 
  time 
  of 
  the 
  Conquest 
  as 
  follows 
  : 
  

  

  Chibchan 
  family 
  

  

  Chibcha-Aruaco 
  group 
  

   Aruaco 
  subgroup 
  

  

  Andaqui 
  (Castellvf, 
  1934) 
  

   Talamanca-Barbacoa 
  group 
  

   Pdez 
  subgroup 
  

  

  Pdez, 
  Paniquitd, 
  Quilla 
  

  

  Totoro, 
  Polindara, 
  Moguex 
  (Guambta) 
  , 
  Coconuco, 
  and 
  Guanaco 
  

   Pijao, 
  Panche, 
  Quimbaya, 
  Pantdgora* 
  

   Cochean 
  (Kamsd) 
  family 
  

  

  Quillacinga 
  subgroup 
  (Castellvi) 
  

   Tucanoan 
  family 
  

   Pasto 
  subgroup 
  f 
  

  

  •Castellvi, 
  1934; 
  Jtjdn 
  y 
  Caamano, 
  1939; 
  and 
  Otero, 
  1939. 
  

  

  tRivet 
  cited 
  by 
  Guerra. 
  Jijon 
  y 
  Caamano 
  classifies 
  the 
  Pasto 
  or 
  Coaiguer 
  language 
  in 
  the 
  Talamanca- 
  

   Barbacoa 
  group 
  of 
  the 
  Chibchan 
  family. 
  

  

  