﻿936 
  SOUTH 
  AMERICAN 
  INDIANS 
  [B. 
  A. 
  E. 
  Bull. 
  143 
  

  

  LORE 
  AND 
  LEARNING 
  

  

  The 
  possession 
  of 
  some 
  scientific 
  knowledge 
  is 
  evidenced 
  by 
  the 
  

   fact 
  that 
  Coconuco 
  distinguished 
  between 
  the 
  heavenly 
  bodies, 
  

   measured 
  time 
  by 
  the 
  lunar 
  month 
  (Canapuil), 
  had 
  a 
  system 
  of 
  

   counting 
  in 
  groups 
  of 
  seven 
  units, 
  and 
  that, 
  in 
  common 
  with 
  other 
  

   peoples 
  in 
  the 
  Province 
  of 
  Popayan, 
  they 
  used 
  a 
  kind 
  of 
  quipu, 
  or 
  cord 
  

   with 
  colored 
  knots 
  to 
  record 
  events 
  or 
  times. 
  

  

  THE 
  CULTURE 
  OF 
  THE 
  ANDAQUl 
  

  

  According 
  to 
  Velasco, 
  the 
  Andaqui 
  left 
  the 
  headwaters 
  of 
  the 
  

   Magdalena 
  River 
  in 
  1564 
  in 
  their 
  flight 
  from 
  the 
  conquerors 
  who 
  had 
  

   settled 
  in 
  Timana 
  and, 
  having 
  traveled 
  on 
  the 
  Fragua 
  and 
  Pescado 
  

   Eivers, 
  went 
  eastward 
  down 
  the 
  mountains 
  to 
  the 
  jungle 
  of 
  the 
  

   Caqueta 
  River 
  and 
  broke 
  up 
  into 
  several 
  groups. 
  Their 
  numbers 
  

   decreased 
  gradually 
  and 
  in 
  1851 
  only 
  630 
  survived, 
  but 
  their 
  hostility 
  

   to 
  other 
  tribes 
  and 
  to 
  the 
  Whites 
  had 
  not 
  abated. 
  In 
  this 
  warlike 
  

   attitude 
  they 
  closely 
  resemble 
  the 
  Pijao, 
  and 
  make 
  the 
  ethnographic 
  

   details 
  we 
  possess 
  very 
  interesting. 
  10 
  Some 
  authors, 
  beginning 
  with 
  

   Felipe 
  Perez 
  (1862), 
  have 
  maintained 
  that 
  the 
  culture 
  found 
  archeo- 
  

   logically 
  in 
  San 
  Agustln 
  is 
  attributable 
  to 
  the 
  Andaqui, 
  and 
  that 
  the 
  

   stone 
  statues 
  found 
  there 
  were 
  made 
  by 
  them. 
  Archeological 
  ex- 
  

   cavations 
  have 
  proved, 
  however, 
  that, 
  subsequent 
  to 
  the 
  period 
  to 
  

   which 
  the 
  statues 
  belong, 
  that 
  territory 
  was 
  occupied 
  by 
  an 
  alto- 
  

   gether 
  different 
  people, 
  who 
  must 
  have 
  been 
  the 
  Andaqui. 
  

  

  Castellvi 
  classifies 
  the 
  Andaqui 
  linguistically 
  in 
  the 
  Chibcha- 
  

   Aruacan 
  family, 
  Aruaco 
  subgroup. 
  In 
  the 
  opinion 
  of 
  a 
  modern 
  

   historian 
  (Garcia 
  Borrero, 
  1935 
  a, 
  ch. 
  7), 
  the 
  Andaqui 
  had 
  27 
  com- 
  

   munities, 
  which, 
  however, 
  included 
  the 
  Timana 
  and 
  the 
  Yalcon, 
  

   neither 
  of 
  which 
  has 
  yet 
  been 
  well 
  identified. 
  

  

  The 
  only 
  known 
  fact 
  about 
  Andaqui 
  ethnology 
  of 
  the 
  time 
  of 
  the 
  

   Conquest 
  is 
  that 
  they 
  used 
  very 
  large 
  spears, 
  as 
  reported 
  by 
  Velasco. 
  

   Their 
  culture 
  was 
  not 
  described 
  until 
  1854, 
  when 
  they 
  still 
  kept 
  aloof 
  

   from 
  the 
  Spanish 
  culture 
  and 
  clung 
  to 
  their 
  ancient 
  customs. 
  

  

  They 
  farmed 
  and 
  hunted. 
  All 
  the 
  members 
  of 
  a 
  group 
  came 
  to- 
  

   gether 
  to 
  plant 
  both 
  bitter 
  and 
  sweet 
  manioc 
  (cassava), 
  yams, 
  maize, 
  

   and 
  sugarcane. 
  They 
  ate 
  fruits, 
  especially 
  pineapple 
  and 
  the 
  custard 
  

   apple, 
  a 
  certain 
  worm, 
  snails, 
  ants, 
  and 
  a 
  large 
  wood 
  borer 
  (comejen 
  

   grande), 
  and 
  drank 
  chicha. 
  They 
  used 
  a 
  vegetable 
  poison 
  to 
  hunt 
  

   animals. 
  The 
  wooden 
  spear 
  was 
  their 
  favorite 
  weapon. 
  

  

  The 
  women 
  raised 
  wild 
  animals 
  and 
  sold 
  them 
  for 
  silver 
  coins 
  which 
  

   they 
  worked 
  into 
  triangular 
  earriugs. 
  

  

  io 
  Information 
  given 
  by 
  missionaries 
  on 
  September 
  17, 
  1773, 
  and 
  in 
  September 
  1851 
  in 
  Cuervo, 
  1894, 
  secc. 
  

   2, 
  vol. 
  4, 
  pp. 
  248-78, 
  500. 
  Relation 
  del 
  Arzobispo— 
  Obispo 
  de 
  Cordoba 
  a 
  su 
  sucessor. 
  Afio 
  1789. 
  In 
  Posada. 
  

   1910. 
  

  

  