﻿958 
  SOUTH 
  AMERICAN 
  INDIANS 
  [B. 
  A. 
  E. 
  Bull. 
  143 
  

  

  covered 
  with 
  a 
  net, 
  after 
  removing 
  the 
  teeth 
  to 
  make 
  necklaces. 
  16 
  

   Their 
  ideal 
  of 
  valor 
  caused 
  them 
  to 
  endure 
  the 
  pain 
  of 
  wounds, 
  

   torture, 
  and 
  dismemberment 
  by 
  wild 
  dogs, 
  to 
  which 
  the 
  Spanish 
  

   subjected 
  them, 
  without 
  uttering 
  a 
  complaint. 
  

  

  CANNIBALISM 
  

  

  All 
  historians 
  agree 
  that 
  the 
  Pijao 
  were 
  a 
  particularly 
  cannibalistic 
  

   people, 
  and 
  that 
  they 
  even 
  held 
  public 
  sales 
  of 
  human 
  flesh 
  on 
  a 
  little 
  

   hill 
  called 
  Carnicerias. 
  In 
  a 
  passage 
  in 
  Ordonez 
  de 
  Ceballos 
  (1938), 
  

   the 
  Spanish 
  view 
  is 
  expressed 
  thus: 
  

  

  and 
  now 
  the 
  Indians 
  eat 
  all 
  neighboring 
  nations 
  but 
  their 
  own, 
  and 
  they 
  eat 
  all 
  the 
  

   Spaniards, 
  saying 
  that 
  their 
  flesh 
  is 
  the 
  most 
  delicious; 
  they 
  also 
  eat 
  the 
  Negroes; 
  

   they 
  used 
  to 
  eat 
  the 
  friars, 
  and 
  in 
  consequence 
  of 
  the 
  many 
  deaths 
  resulting 
  from 
  

   having 
  eaten 
  one 
  of 
  them, 
  they 
  no 
  longer 
  eat 
  them, 
  but 
  still 
  kill 
  them. 
  They 
  

   spare 
  only 
  the 
  clergy. 
  

  

  One 
  historian, 
  however, 
  unconsciously 
  gives 
  the 
  probable 
  explana- 
  

   tion 
  of 
  cannibalism 
  in 
  saying 
  that 
  they 
  killed 
  a 
  distinguished 
  warrior 
  

   of 
  their 
  own 
  tribe 
  with 
  his 
  approval, 
  divided 
  his 
  body, 
  and 
  ate 
  it 
  to 
  

   become 
  as 
  brave 
  as 
  he 
  (Sim6n, 
  1882-92, 
  Noticias 
  Historiales, 
  vol. 
  1, 
  

   Primera 
  Noticia, 
  ch. 
  4, 
  p. 
  7). 
  

  

  Pijao 
  cannibalism 
  was, 
  therefore, 
  simply 
  a 
  magic 
  rite, 
  through 
  

   which 
  the 
  valor 
  and 
  strength 
  of 
  an 
  enemy 
  felled 
  in 
  battle 
  or 
  of 
  a 
  

   distinguished 
  warrior 
  were 
  acquired 
  by 
  other 
  men. 
  

  

  ESTHETIC 
  AND 
  RECREATIONAL 
  ACTIVITIES 
  

  

  The 
  Pijao 
  held 
  religious 
  and 
  military 
  dances, 
  during 
  which 
  they 
  

   danced, 
  drank 
  chicha, 
  and 
  chewed 
  coca. 
  Their 
  music, 
  especially 
  

   martial 
  music, 
  was 
  played 
  on 
  a 
  large 
  sea 
  shell 
  hung 
  from 
  the 
  neck, 
  

   small 
  trumpets, 
  and 
  flutes. 
  

  

  Sculpture 
  in 
  wood 
  and 
  clay 
  was 
  in 
  general 
  limited 
  to 
  religious 
  

   idols, 
  the 
  faces 
  of 
  which 
  were 
  painted 
  with 
  yellow 
  and 
  red 
  stripes 
  and 
  

   the 
  bodies 
  with 
  bixa, 
  just 
  as 
  they 
  painted 
  themselves 
  when 
  going 
  to 
  

   war. 
  

  

  SICKNESS 
  AND 
  DEATH 
  

  

  Shamans 
  (mohanes) 
  practiced 
  magic 
  and 
  administered 
  herbs. 
  

   These 
  Indians 
  also 
  had 
  an 
  interesting 
  anesthetic: 
  they 
  poured 
  cold 
  

   water 
  over 
  the 
  body 
  of 
  a 
  sick 
  person 
  until 
  he 
  became 
  insensitive. 
  

  

  The 
  dead 
  were 
  buried 
  in 
  vaults 
  dug 
  for 
  this 
  purpose 
  or 
  in 
  caves, 
  

   and 
  were 
  accompanied 
  by 
  food, 
  drink, 
  and 
  weapons. 
  Each 
  relative 
  

   entered 
  the 
  tomb 
  before 
  it 
  was 
  covered 
  to 
  speak 
  final 
  words 
  to 
  the 
  

   deceased. 
  

  

  w 
  Simon, 
  1882-92. 
  Septimi 
  Noticia, 
  ch. 
  31. 
  p. 
  254, 
  vol. 
  5. 
  Archeological 
  research 
  in 
  1941 
  uncovered 
  several 
  

   of 
  these 
  necklaces 
  of 
  perforated 
  human 
  teeth, 
  in 
  frontier 
  regions 
  between 
  the 
  Pde 
  z 
  and 
  the 
  Pijao, 
  

  

  