﻿976 
  SOUTH 
  AMERICAN 
  INDIANS 
  [B. 
  A. 
  E. 
  Bull. 
  143 
  

  

  Chasqui 
  (Q.). 
  Messenger, 
  long-distance, 
  afoot 
  or 
  mounted, 
  originally 
  Inca. 
  

  

  Chicha 
  (Q.). 
  Native 
  beer, 
  usually 
  of 
  fermented 
  maize. 
  

  

  Cholo-a 
  (Sp.) 
  . 
  An 
  Indian 
  or 
  Mestizo. 
  

  

  Chullpa 
  (Ay.). 
  See 
  this 
  volume, 
  pp. 
  505-506 
  and 
  pi. 
  101. 
  

  

  Chufiu 
  (Q.). 
  Potatoes 
  dehydrated 
  by 
  freezing. 
  

  

  Chupe 
  (Q.). 
  Potato 
  soup, 
  with 
  seasoning 
  of 
  salt 
  and 
  pepper. 
  

  

  Chuspa 
  (Q.). 
  Carrying 
  bag, 
  part 
  of 
  masculine 
  costume. 
  

  

  Cofradia 
  (Sp.). 
  Lay 
  association, 
  within 
  Catholic 
  society; 
  a 
  sodality. 
  

  

  Collao 
  (Q. 
  ?). 
  A 
  district 
  of 
  the 
  South 
  Highlands 
  around 
  Lake 
  Titicaca 
  (not 
  to 
  

   be 
  confused 
  with 
  Colla, 
  an 
  Aymara 
  division). 
  

  

  Colono 
  (Sp.). 
  Highland 
  laborer, 
  occupying 
  land 
  on 
  sufferance, 
  in 
  return 
  for 
  

   labor. 
  Also, 
  any 
  farmer. 
  

  

  Comunidad 
  (Sp.). 
  Settlement 
  of 
  free 
  Indians 
  enjoying 
  the 
  communal 
  use 
  of 
  

   land. 
  

  

  Concierto 
  (Sp.). 
  Contract. 
  Used, 
  locally, 
  as 
  a 
  name 
  for 
  a 
  peon 
  on 
  an 
  hacienda. 
  

  

  Conopa 
  (Q.). 
  Individual, 
  family, 
  or 
  household 
  fetish. 
  

  

  Conquistador 
  (Sp.). 
  An 
  original 
  Spanish 
  conquerer. 
  

  

  Contribucion 
  de 
  indigenas 
  (Sp.). 
  Early 
  Republican 
  form 
  of 
  tribute-levy. 
  

  

  Corregidor 
  (Sp.). 
  Crown 
  official, 
  magistrate. 
  

  

  Corregimiento 
  (Sp.). 
  Office 
  or 
  district 
  of 
  a 
  corregidor. 
  

  

  Criollo 
  (Sp..). 
  (a) 
  White 
  born 
  in 
  the 
  New 
  World; 
  (6) 
  sometimes 
  a 
  mixture 
  of 
  

   White 
  and 
  Indian. 
  

  

  Cui, 
  cuy 
  (Q.). 
  Guinea 
  pig. 
  

  

  Curaca 
  (Q.). 
  The 
  class 
  of 
  Indian 
  municipal 
  chiefs, 
  often 
  enjoying 
  a 
  hereditary 
  

   status. 
  (See 
  Cacique.) 
  

  

  Cushma. 
  A 
  full-length 
  robe 
  made 
  of 
  one 
  or 
  two 
  pieces 
  of 
  cloth, 
  with 
  a 
  slit 
  for 
  

   the 
  head, 
  with 
  the 
  sides 
  sewed 
  together; 
  sometimes 
  with 
  sleeves. 
  (See 
  

   Handbook, 
  vol. 
  3, 
  pi. 
  50, 
  right.) 
  

  

  Ejido 
  (Sp.). 
  Public 
  land 
  reserved 
  for 
  pasture 
  and 
  future 
  growth 
  of 
  community. 
  

  

  Encomendero 
  (Sp.). 
  An 
  individual 
  or 
  institution 
  enjoying 
  the 
  use 
  of 
  Indian 
  

   tribute 
  assigned 
  for 
  limited 
  periods 
  (usually 
  three 
  generations) 
  . 
  

  

  Encomienda 
  (Sp.). 
  An 
  assignment 
  of 
  Indian 
  tribute 
  to 
  individuals 
  or 
  insti- 
  

   tutions. 
  

  

  Faena 
  (Sp.) 
  . 
  Communal 
  labor 
  on 
  public 
  or 
  ecclesiastical 
  works. 
  

  

  Fanega 
  de 
  tierra 
  (Sp.). 
  Land 
  measure 
  of 
  1.59 
  acres. 
  

  

  Forastero 
  (Sp.). 
  Indian 
  participating 
  in 
  the 
  life 
  of 
  the 
  commune 
  but 
  discrim- 
  

   inated 
  as 
  a 
  recent 
  immigrant 
  and 
  subject 
  to 
  different 
  tax 
  schedules 
  and 
  ground 
  

   rents. 
  Same 
  as 
  agregado. 
  

  

  Gamonalismo 
  (Sp.) 
  . 
  The 
  institution 
  of 
  large 
  landholdings. 
  (See 
  Latif 
  undismo.) 
  

  

  Hacendado 
  (Sp.). 
  The 
  owner 
  of 
  an 
  hacienda. 
  

  

  Hacendero 
  (Sp.). 
  The 
  worker 
  on 
  an 
  hacienda. 
  

  

  Hacienda 
  (Sp.). 
  A 
  landed 
  estate. 
  

  

  Hanansaya 
  (Q.). 
  Upper 
  moiety 
  in 
  an 
  Inca 
  settlement. 
  

  

  Hatunruna 
  (Q.) 
  . 
  The 
  common 
  tribute-payer. 
  

  

  Hilacata 
  (Q.). 
  See 
  Ilacata. 
  

  

  Huaca 
  (Q.). 
  (a) 
  Pre-Conquest 
  edifice 
  or 
  burial; 
  (6) 
  anything 
  sacred. 
  

  

  Huaranga 
  (Q.) 
  Inca 
  administrative 
  unit 
  of 
  1,000 
  tributaries. 
  

  

  Huminta 
  (Q.). 
  Maize 
  bread 
  like 
  the 
  Mexican 
  tamal 
  (festive). 
  

  

  Huno 
  (Q.)« 
  Inca 
  administrative 
  unit 
  of 
  10,000 
  tributaries. 
  

  

  Hurinsaya 
  (Q.). 
  Lower 
  moiety 
  of 
  an 
  Inca 
  community. 
  

  

  Ilacata, 
  hilacata 
  (Ay.). 
  Local 
  chief 
  or 
  leader. 
  

  

  Ilyapa 
  (Q.). 
  Quechua 
  God 
  of 
  Thunder, 
  later 
  identified 
  with 
  Santiago. 
  

  

  Inca 
  (Q.). 
  Used 
  in 
  the 
  Handbook 
  as 
  the 
  ethnic 
  group. 
  Also, 
  the 
  Emperor 
  of 
  

   the 
  Inca. 
  

  

  