190 Transactions of the South African Philosophical Society. 



the Zuurberg. Further east, along the road to the Zuurberg Pass, 

 the conglomerates are much less conspicuous, and they can hardly 

 exceed a width of half a mile. Along the Coerney River they widen 

 out again, but near Sandflats they perhaps disappear completely at 

 the surface, for the red and grey marls of the Uitenhage beds are 

 almost in contact with the Witteberg quartzites, and I could only 

 find a narrow band of conglomerate at a few spots. At Sandflats 

 Station a borehole has been sunk within two miles of the Witteberg 

 beds to a depth of 1,500 feet through sandstones and marls of the 

 Uitenhage formation without striking any conglomerate ; the beds 

 penetrated lie practically flat, as is the case with the similar rocks 

 at a few miles distance from the mountains farther west. The 

 exposures on or near the southern edge of the conglomerate show 

 considerable southerly dips up to 45°. I cannot here go fully into 

 the question of the relationship of the Enon beds to the marls and 

 sandstones of the Uitenhage series, but one result of my recent 

 journey has been to strengthen the opinion previously arrived at, 

 that the three subdivisions (i.e., Enon, Wood beds, Sunday Eiver 

 beds) of the series are not strictly successive deposits, but were 

 partly contemporaneously formed under different circumstances. 

 On this view, as on the supposition of a strict succession of the 

 three subdivisions, the great variation in width of the Enon outcrop 

 along the foot of the Zuurberg requires explanation, and the most 

 probable explanation is that the area now occupied by the Uitenhage 

 formation has been let down along a fault following approximately, 

 but not exactly, the trend of the Zuurberg range. The increased 

 but varying dip of the conglomerates towards their northern boun- 

 dary supports this supposition, which is in accord with the observa- 

 tions of Mr. Schwarz * in the Willowmore and Uniondale Divisions, 

 that the outliers of the Uitenhage beds there are faulted down 

 against the older rocks to the north of them. The high dip of the 

 Enon beds is expressed on Bain's section No. II., but the dips there 

 given to the succeeding beds are much too high. In Pinchin's sec- 

 tion (Fig. 4) the dip is also shown, but the relations of the con- 

 glomerate to the finer-grained deposits further south are wrongly 

 given. The few sections available along one line of section, e.g., 

 from the Zuurberg Pass to the heights behind Coerney Station, 

 certainly show that the southerly dip decreases regularly as one 

 travels southwards, and that low northerly dips appear in places. 



The northern boundary of the Bushman-Sunday Rivers' area of 

 Uitenhage beds, then, we may take to be a fault. Mr. Schwarz 

 noticed extensive shattering of the beds, either of the Uitenhage 

 * E. H. L. Schwarz, " Ann. Rep. Geol. Comm. for 1903," pp. 72-137. 



