Mock-engravings of Animals and the Human Figure. 411 



Jagdpanfontein there is depicted a man with a malformation of 

 one hand, and provided with an enormous phallus not represented 

 in the figure (Fig. 15). 



This is another point of similitude with the "rupestres" mentioned 

 by Foureau, loc. cit., p. 1096. 



Stowe, in his book, " The Native Eaces of South Africa," 

 London, 1905, p. 12, says : " The Bushman tribes with regard to 

 their artistic talents were divided into painters and sculptors, and 

 judging from the relics they have left of their former ownership 

 they entered the widespread territories of South Africa by two 

 different lines of migration. The sculptors moved to the southward 

 as far into the Cape Colony as Beaufort West and the Sneeuwberg. 

 The painters, on the other hand, appear to have advanced through 

 Damaraland along the western coast; on arriving at the great 

 mountain ranges in the south, they turned to the eastward, in which 

 direction they can be traced as far as the mountains opposite 

 Delagoa Bay." 



I am of opinion that there is no foundation for a theory based on 

 such artistic considerations, because rock-paintings occur also in 

 places where rock-engravings are found. We know also from the 

 subjects depicted that some of these Bushman paintings have been 

 made within recent times. Such an one is a picture in the Cradock 

 District, Cape Colony, of European soldiers on the march, with 

 the commanding officer on horseback, men with the "bear skin," 

 sappers, &c. This probably represents the landing or parading 

 of English troops at Port Elizabeth at the time of the settlement 

 there. But there is no evidence that "rock-engravings" were 

 made lately.* It is possible, however, that both the arts may have 

 been known or practised at the same time by the same people. 

 The paintings would have decayed, the engravings remained well- 

 nigh imperishable. This possibility would, at first sight, be borne 

 out by the discovery, quite lately made by Mr. J. M. Bain, of a 

 " rock-carving " painted over with red ochre, in the Humansdorp 

 District of the Cape Colony. The place on which this engraving 

 was found is in a narrow gorge, where game pits with the stakes 

 at the bottom were still preserved, and disposed in such a way that 

 a driven animal, if it avoided one could not but fall in the other. 

 It is also equally possible that the bedizening of the engraved part 

 is comparatively a recent act. 



The comparison of some of the rock-engravings of Southern 

 Algeria and of those of the Sudan with those of Southern Africa, 



* Kev. Westphal, of Iniel, on the Vaal River, assures me that he has seen there 

 a rock-engraving representing a mounted man in the act of seizing a man in flight. 



