INTRODUCTION. xiii 



" How quickly and thoroughly he was able to adapt himself 

 to a foreign mode of life, may be seen from a letter which the 

 Doctor wrote from Trebizond in January 1 8 7 1 to his sister, 

 an extract of which has been sent to us by Lieutenant George 

 Schweitzer, his cousin : — c Here in Trebizond, too, my good 

 fortune has not forsaken me, and I have quickly gained a 

 reputation as a doctor. This is due to the fact that I know 

 Turkish and Arabic as few Europeans know them, and that 

 I have so completely adopted the habits and customs of the 

 people that no one believes that an honest German is dis- 

 guised behind the Turkish name. Don't be afraid ; I have 

 only adopted the name, I have not become a Turk.' 



" On no account must any one imagine that our countryman 

 is a renegade, or that he has given up the faith of his fathers. 

 Emin does not belong to those half-hearted Christians who talk 

 about the advantages of the Mohammedan religion as a civi- 

 lising agent in Africa. On the contrary, it may be seen from 

 many of his letters that he has the heartiest sympathy with 

 the efforts of Christian missionaries. * A crushing fact for the 

 future of Islam in Central Africa is mentioned by him on 

 page 414, where he says that, after more than twenty years' 

 dominion, they can hardly point to ten proselytes." 



In order to form, to some extent at least, a just estimate of 

 what Emin Pasha has accomplished during the past few years, 

 it is very necessary to consider briefly his work as a Governor. 



When Gordon Pasha left the Equatorial Province of Egypt 

 to become, a few months later, the Governor-General of the 

 whole Sudan, he left it well organised and peaceful. Its 

 financial position was not so satisfactory, for the province 

 laboured under an excessive debt, caused in part by the 

 initial expenses of its occupation, and also by sums not 



* Emin Pasha was very anxious for the Church Missionary Society to establish 

 mission stations in his province, and offered to support a missionary party there 

 for three years at his own expense. In 1878-79 he rendered considerable assist- 

 ance to an expedition sent by the C. M. S., via the Nile, to Uganda. 



