312 



KEDIBA TO BITI. 



Danagla), and sliaiyalm-zilla (gun-bearers), all of whom are 

 ready to be armed in case of war, or razzias, and are prepared 

 to murder and to pillage. In times of peace these people make 

 their captured slaves work for them, and should they not be able 

 to cultivate sufficient food, they oppress and pillage the settled 

 native population. The following are the exact statistics : — 



Resident Danagla, as under: 



Having no employment 



Ushurie (tithe-payers) 



Traders 



Tailor 



Boatman . 



Fahl 



In Government employ 



27 



46 



13 

 1 

 1 

 1 



89 

 40 



129 



Dragomans, &c. , as under 



Mittu 



Morti 



Agar 



Nyam-Nyam (Zande) 



Monbuttu . 



Bontjo 



38 



76 



5 



5i 



143 



6 



319 



The unproductive population consists thus of four hundred 

 and forty-eight men ; and if to these be added lawful wives, 

 concubines, children, boys for carrying arms, slaves, &c, at the 

 rate of at least five to each man, it will be found that about three 

 thousand people live at the expense of the Negro inhabitants of 

 the district, who number from ten to fifteen thousand. In ex- 

 planation of the presence of so many Monbuttu and Nyam-Nyam, 

 it may be mentioned that after every raid into those districts 

 large numbers of slaves were brought back, who were ulti- 

 mately left to their own resources, as no employment could be 

 found for them. In order to get rid of this rabble, I immedi- 

 ately gave orders that all people having no definite occupation 

 were immediately to leave the country, and the agriculturists 

 have engaged not to oppress the Negroes, to pay a yearly tax 

 of a hundred piastres, and, in case complaints should reach me 

 that they have oppressed or badly treated the Negroes, they 

 will be at once expelled. Those persons following any trade 

 will also be compelled to pay a fixed tax and to submit to the 

 same regulations. One fahl has been taken into Government 

 employ as a schoolmaster ; the others are to return to Khartum. 

 The number of Government officials in this district is exactly 

 forty, distributed over four or five small stations ; if this small 

 number has been sufficient to terrorise the whole country, one 



