THE BARI AND THEIR SUBDIVISIONS. 369 



common, is rarely seen here. On the other hand, I saw the 

 Mantes melanopterus in full feather (in October) ; it arrives 

 here in September, breeds, and leaves for the north in February 

 or the beginning of March. The Penthetvia macroura and 

 Uuplectes flammiceps are very common indeed, and were also 

 in full feather. 



Before I leave Kimo, and the Kakuak and Fajehi countries, 

 it may not be out of place to consider the position of these 

 tribes with regard to the surrounding peoples, more especially 

 as Fajelii has not been previously visited, so that my journey 

 was the first through this district. 



The Bari people, to which both these tribes belong, are 

 divided into the following eight large divisions: — (1) Bari (to 

 the east and west of the Nile), (2) Fajehi, (3) Kakuak, (4) 

 Marskia, (5) Nyambara, (6) Liggi, (7) Mandari, (8) Shir. 



These divisions together form a sharply defined whole, and 

 are distinguished from their neighbours by physique, customs, 

 and language. It is true that fewer lanky men are found 

 among the inhabitants of the mountains of Kakuak and Fajelii 

 than among the Bari of the lowlands ; the colour of their skin, 

 too, varies greatly between dark brown and reddish brown, where- 

 as the Shir, for example, are all of an almost exactly identical 

 colour (No. 42 of Broca's scale of colours). But through- 

 out all the divisions, the head is always of the same shape, 

 so that a member of this group can be at once distinguished 

 among hundreds of other Negroes. The temples are very 

 strongly compressed just before the ears, so that the height of 

 the skull is much increased throughout the whole length of the 

 sagittal suture, owing to the approximation of the lower borders 

 of the parietal bones. This is so marked that it alone suffi- 

 ciently characterises the group. This is not the place to 

 detail the anthropological material which I have gathered, as 

 the Bari have often been described elsewhere. The language 

 spoken by these eight divisions is perfectly identical, with the 

 exception, perhaps, of a few words which have been imported 

 from their immediate neighbours. This latter fact applies also 

 to the Nyambara, although they live in the centre of the dis- 

 trict occupied by the whole group, and therefore come less in 

 contact with straugers than the other divisions. The influence 



2 A 



