based on the principle of Cephalization—Insects. 23 
—— whether the latter groups should not rank before the 
vision of Apipens), or that of the Lepidopters (the first of 
Amplipens), it is natural that the descent required to bring the 
Hymenopterous type down to a Neuropterous level should be 
maturativ 
c. Peratienuates or Typical Attenuates.—The body and wings in 
these species are narrow or long-amplificate, the posterior wings 
sometimes small or wanting. The species are semzaquate and 
prematurative, 
They include: (1) the Zibellulideans, which have the wings 
nearly equal, and the mandibles stout ; and (2) the Hphemerideans, 
which have the posterior wings smallest and sometimes obsolete, 
and the mouth organs in the adult atrophied. The latter show 
their inferiority in being short-lived and in eating nothing or 
but little in the adult state; the functions of the adult are almost 
solely those of the posterior portion of the body. 
II, PTERO-METASTHENICS, OR ELYTROPTERS. 
_ 4 Coleopters.—Coleopters, in their compact structures consist- 
ing of well-adjusted parts, their comparatively limited diversity 
of form, and their being imitated by many species of other 
tribes while never themselves imitators,’ exhibit the characteris- 
tics of a type of the highest grade in its subdivision. At the 
Same time they show inferiority to the Hymenopters in their 
* A. S. Packard brings out this fact, in his pamphlet, in connection with the cor- 
esponding one with regard to Hymenopters already cited. He says “There is 
similar parallelism of analogous forms between the Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Or- 
uroptera, which seem bound together by gong such 
Which do not in turn assume any of their forms. Some Orthoptera are very 
deat prowl, and some Hemiptera are very Coleopterous-like. The re 
anno! said,” Be 
Mr. Packard, adoptin it would seem from his words provisionally, the two 
grand Saran of Moet at piauisetatas and Haas/elatie; remaiks that e" 
culminate in the Coleopters and Hymenopters, respectively. As the Hemipters are 
haustellate, the facts respecting their relations above mentioned go against this old 
division of Insects and sustai opEse shagorey th 
Hemipters follow the Coleopters although the latter are ma late,—the distine- 
tion of mandibulate and haustellate, of minor im- 
