based on the principle of Cephalization.—Insects. 25 
uch more restricted in size, and therefore do not run off into 
those extravagances which give to Orthopters their most obvious 
eatures, : 
(c) The Saltators, or Typical Orthopters, (Grasshoppers, Crick- 
ets, &ic.,) differ from the preceding in being strongly podometa- 
sthenic, a mark of low inferiority. The species show that they 
are the typical Orthopters by their trim and well-made forms, 
their great leaping powers, and the absence of any close likeness 
to other groups. 
III, THYSANURES, or APTERS. 
i the Anure, in which it is suctorial. 
The Lepismians have been often said to be related to both 
Lepidopters and Neuropters, and some authors regard them as 
= species of the latter group. Erichson referred them to 
Orthopters, 
The reasons for making the Thysanures a third grand division 
of Insects, and for not including in the same other apterous 
groups, are as follow: 
1. The agility of movement of these species show that they 
are not degraded “forms pertaining to the inferior limits of 
another higher type, but constitute an independent type, or, are 
typical in the grand division to which they belong. : 
2. While the Lepismians may be regarded as related to Lepi- 
dopters and Neuropters, such caudal sete are found in no Lepi- 
ter and the scales on no Neuropter. They stand in distant 
relation to both. ; : 
A. Jour. Scr.—Szcoxp Srrizs, Vou. XXXVII, No. 109.—Jan., 1864, 
4 
